T S 2068 Word Processors

COMPARITIVE EVALUATION

«o I nUNUMY UN YOUR TS 1001

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Tht finest tinning progru ue've ittn lor the IS201B! this progru al loas you to drw on the icriin mtfc onl i the u>c oi the joystick - (hinge colors at tn the joystick- cthnt chincters hi ll\

Uo joystick - tun on or oil My pink Is) it mil «nti out out to i IS2040 pr inter OR o lull size Friator IAERCO OR 1ASHAK I /ft. dignify instantly.

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PRQ/fllC 2068 by Thom Moods . I 24.95

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■ riignj'

ENTER - Rumors and gossip 4

From the cluttered desk.. .Reader INPUT 5 TS Help &. Information by John Marion 7 Bytes & Bits - Bill Ferrebee 3

In Touch With The World #5 10

Online Timex BIG, Free BBS? etc.

MTerm II Tutorial? Part 2 - Ferrebee 10 Charge Account Bar Graph - Bob Woish 1 1 For the TS1000 or the TS2068 Experimenting with the Byte Eack Modem 12 By Gordon Young

SUPER-PRINTER - By James Webster 14 Lower Case for Your TS 1000/ZXS i : !

Bank Switching, Part 7 - Paul Hunter 18 TS 206S’ Word Processor Evaluation 24 By Bill Ferrebee (Part 1 of 2)

TS 2068 REVIEWS

Grafist Graphics Program - Ferrebee 26

T.S.S. Guidebook - Faucette 27

Penetrator Arcade Game - Peirson 28

A& J Model 2000 - A preview by Peirson 29 Eductional Software - from Spinnaker SW, 30 Face Maker, Kids on Keys - Ferrebee Masterfile from England - Faucette 30

Games: Frogger 6- Death Chase - Ferrebee 32 TS 1000 REVIEWS

Music Library, RomPak 33

“More Uses for Your TS 1000: Astronomy" 34 Blippo Sound Effects Generator 35

TS News - New from Sinclair 35

Index to TSH #1-10 37

By subject, product, and author

ft n r, o ft ft r. '■i , L _

rvnouijtirvTL'vr* HQunnnnnna □ rinmannifti

81 Nov*83 Creating /Saving Files (Johnson), Repeat fey and Unint¬ erruptible Power Supply Projects, Numerical Analysis, Load /Sava Problems, Reviews, and more!

#2 Dtc'83 Matrix /Cursor Input (Johnson), User-Friendliness, Reset Switch Project, Mamory Reduction, Rula of 78, ZX Cash Ragistar, Graphics TutoriaUtc'

#3 Jan/Fab '84 Two Animation Pro¬ grams, Simpla Loading Aid Proj. (Young), Tapa Fila Protaction, Differential Equations, Ham Radio Raviaws, Usar Group Naws 8 Mora!

#4 March *84 Tha Daath of TCC, TS1000 Bank Switching (Huntar), Error Racovary (Johnson), Bdga Connaetor Scham., Simpson Rula, Raviaws, Raadar Input, & more!

85 April/May'84 "WORM" Word Pro¬ cessor (Young) Pt.i, Least Squares, TS1000 Graphics Program, T62068 Future?, Bank Switching Pt. 2, Program Tips, Raviaws, and more!

1st. Annual T-S Horizons Awardt

#6 June '84 TsiOOO As Church Aid, Interfacing Books, Num. Analysis, Hardware Tips, "WORM"-2, Switch¬ ing-3, Good Naws from BA Brown, Six Raviaws, and more!

87 July/Aug'84, Telecommunications Issue, 2068 Program Tips, How A Compiler Works, Rotating Globa, Byte-Back Modem, TC for Beginner, Switching-4, WORM-3, S.I.H., ate.

88 Sept'84 TS 1000 Music Program,

ri'J-i-S J r«l 4 < J < • 7- l a • iTT7T3 r73

(Young), Address Program, Nina Raviaws, Telecommunications Column, TS Naws, and more!

89 Oct/Nov '84 - ANNIVERSARY ISSUE, TS 2068 Spirograph, Dave Higgenbottom interview, FORTH for T/S Computers, Spectrum section, Bank Switching-5, Telecommunications, Reviews, ate.

810 Dec '84 - 40 PAGES, Making Backups of 2068 Software, Banner Programs, QL, TSIOOO Program Tips, Christmas program, RS100vs.TS1000,MTermII#Horizon Awards, Switching-6, TSUGs, New Column, more!

It seems as if we just finished issue 10 and now we're already running late with issue 11. One of the longtime friends of T-S Horizons has been Jules Gesang of the CATS (D.C. area) user group and Gesang Associates. We recent¬ ly learned that Jules is in the hospital recovering from a heart attack that occurred shortly after New Years. The good news is that he is recovering rapidly. Cards can be sent to Box 452, Randallstown, MD 21133. You're in our prayers, Jules.

Spectral Rumors

The Sinclair QL and the new Spectrum Plus were featured recently at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas in early January. This fact and the rumor that Sinclair has received FCC approval for these machines have fueled speculation that the Spectrum Plus Can improved 48K Spectrum-see TS News) will be released soon in the U.S. Sinclair has denied any plans to do so.

We must keep in mind that the Sinclair people have a lot of factors to consider before making such a move. The first factor is the U.S. market. Is the market locked up by the currently available home computers? Will the expected flood of Japanese MSX computers (fall 1985) send the U.S. market into chaos? TI, Mattel, Coleco, and Timex are out of contention and Atari is still floating in red ink.

Secondly the Sinclair machines themselves are a consideration. Will selling the QL hurt the chances of the Spectrum? Or vice versa? Can either machine sell without disk drives? How low can they come down in price to

compete with Commodore, Atari, and Tandy? Some people say the QL and the Spectrum Plus both need to be improved to be popular here.

Finally there is the still painful asso¬ ciation with Timex. Sinclair is still living down the Timex bail-out, which of course was not Sinclair's fault. They still receive a lot of calls and letters from disgruntled TS1000, 1500, and 2068 owners.

But if they do decide to take the risk there would be enormous benefits for us American users. Few of us realize just how popular the Spectrum is in England. An incredible number of British peripheral and software makers are eagerly awaiting the great leap across the Atlantic. With the availability of Spectrum emulators, 2068 owners would be set. Also TS1000 owners would benefit by the increased Sinclair presense.

Other Matters of Interest

Dave Higgenbottom is still trying to secure financing and Timex is being patient. We hope to know the outcome one way or the other soon.

Last we heard on BASIC was that the publication would be cancelled and all paid subscriptions would be fulfilled by another company. We haven't verified this yet. If so we extend our sympathy to the former subscribers and reserve our comments for a future issue.

As may be mentioned elsewhere in this issue, several people have confused the Scott Duncan of Ramex with our own Scott Duncan, circulation manager, etc. of T-S Horizons. They are not the same person and are not related to each other.

We hope you find this issue's Index to Volume I of T-S Horizons to be useful. We tried to make it as complete as possible.

ROUPS

■ ■■ i i O Central Pennsylvania T.S.U.G.

Is your group listed ? “>• b°* 539

* w 1 Centre Hall, Pennsylvania 16828

T/S Users Group of Vancouver ,

#108-1205 Johnson St. Victoria Sync

Coquitlam, BC, Canada V3B 6E6 942 Cloverdal

t u u Victoria, BC,

John Brohman * *

Victoria Sync Association 942 Cloverdale Avenue Victoria, BC, Canada V8X 2T6

Ft. Worth Timex User Group 406-8300 Calmont Ft. Worth, Texas 76116 Tim Ward

PORTS User Group

(Portsmouth Ohio Region Timex-Sinclair) 2002 Summit Street Portsmouth, Ohio 45662

TSUG-Mile High Chapter

914 S. Victor Way P,0# Bc

Aurora, CO 80012 Safety

Jeff Brothers WiU B(

Dallas Timex User Group

c. . . v 262^ East Park Blvd. c-Sinclair)

Plano, Texas 75074 Julie Barrett

TAS BAM User Group P.0. Box 644

Safety Harbor, Florida 33572 Will Becker, Mel Nathanson

T.S.U.G. Cincinnati 11 Funs ton Lane Cincinnati, Ohio 45211 Rick Johnson

4

You Can Depend On Us

I suspect that if we stopped publishing T-S Horizons some of our readers would be dev¬ astated - as much as by the demise of Syne and Timex. Our readers have put a lot of faith in us, and we have no intention of betraying that faith. If you have a 12-issue subscription to TSH and it started with issue

II you can count on receiving issue 22 as well.

Does that sound like a pitch for subscription renewals? It's not meant to be. It's just our way of saying count on us. You have supported us and we plan to earn that support in every issue.

Yours Sincerely, Rick Duncan

^rq^th^uj^ere^^es!T^

Reader input plus other notes of interest

By Scott Duncan Advertising/Circulation Manager

Hello and welcome to 1985 and another big year for T-S Horizons. We have many plans for the magazine this year and would greatly appreciate your ideas and suggestions. We do read your letters and as some of you can tell we also use your ideas.

Let me take care of some business before we jump into your letters.

First of all let me say that I have no connection with Ramex nor does their Mr. Scott Duncan have any connection with T-S Horizons. Some of you have been asking about this.

We recently ran out of back issue No. 3 and have since had reprints made. If you ordered and received one of these reprints (indicated as such on the cover) then you probably noticed a gramatical error in the heading. This was an oversight by our printer and you should rest assured that we do know the difference between edition and addition.

While digging through the cluttered desk this month I ran across several letters from people asking about the contents of back issues. A brief description of each can be found in the front of this issue.

I would like to take the time to say welcome to all who received T-S Horizons as a Christ¬ mas Gift Subscription. There were several. Also I’ve been meaning to send my thanks to Vern Tidwell whose letters are constantly appearing in my cluttered baskets. Thanks for writing, we enjoy your input. Thanks too, for all the letters from women. It seems there has been a notable increase in mail from your group. (Well Rick, I knew the picture on page 4 of issue 9 was a good idea).

Have you ever noticed the numbers above your name on the mailing labels? Well this represents the term of your subscription. The second number indicates the last issue you will receive. Again thanks to all who have sent in early renewals thus indicating continued confidence in our effort.

In the next issue I’ll be telling you who our 1500th subscriber is. Remember just two months ago when we told you about subscriber number 1000? Well our new goal is to award a prize to number 2068 by April first.

On Rick’s behalf we would like to thank Myles Lemon for clarifying the rock situation in T-SH #10, Horizons awards section. The original statement was obviously meant to indicate our ignorance of the blessings of civilization and technology (?) and is taken from the science-fiction classic ’’Hitchhikers Guide To The Universe". That’s one for the "for what it's worth" department. Here’s one from the free advertisement department in response to a letter from O.L. Orme.

Would like to know if there are any good Income Tax programs available, for the T/S 1000,

Hoping to hear from you soon.

Thank You, O.L. Orme, Richmond, CA

Check page 32 of this issue for ksoft co.

It's worth the effort.

In the current issue of T-S Horizons, you asked for comments on your publication, particularly the 40-page format. I, for one, had to unstaple the entire booklet in order to read the articles in the first half, because the "binder" edge of each page was hidden by the fold area, sometimes 4 or 5 characters deep. I suggest that if you publish another 40- page issue, you allow a wider blank in the center of each sheet for the fold-and-staple operation.

Until last fall, there was a seemingly very active branch of the "Southwestern TSUG" (also mentioned in the issue) located In Albuquerque. It folded in August or Septem¬ ber, but in November John Brown was attempt¬ ing to reorganize it. His address is 4608 Hilton Avenue N.E., Albuquerque, NM 87110.

Overall, I enjoy your magazine very much. Please keep up your support of the ZX-81, TS-1000, TS-1500 series. There are millions of owners of these machines (plus two or three Microace owners) who have not yielded to the 2068 temptation.

Rick Cavaness ~ Farmington, NM D

Rick, thanks for letting me know. Watch your P.0. Box for a better copy.

First of all let me congratulate you on your 1st anniversary. I have enjoyed each of your fine issues.

Secondly, we now have the manufacturing and distribution rights for programs written by Kendric C. Smith. Page 2 of the enclosed price list give the titles and descriptions of his programs. We have converted his ZX81 programs for use with the TS2068.

Here are a few tips that you may want to share with your readers, we have found them useful:

If you have a TS2068 connected to a full-sized printer you may not be able to COPY the screen, here is a little routine that can be used instead of the command COPY:

I have just read your December issue (No. 10) and can say without qualification that your publication has steadily improved over time. As you will observe from your records, my first subscription was for 6 issues. That in part was an expression of skepticism that your newsletter would survive any appreciable time. The check I'm enclosing is for 12 additional issues - an expression of confi¬ dence in your continuing to provide a fine service to us TS users.

Sincerely,

Louis Holder

This concludes the second round of my jour¬ nalistic effort. I appreciate all who have written this month and would have liked to print more if only we had room. None the less, we do read your mail and use your suggestions. Until next month keep writing and watch out for those banging rocks.

10 FOR x*=0 TO 21 20 FOR i=0 TO 31 30.LPRINT SCREENS (x,i);

40 NEXT i 50 NEXT x

The above routine can be inserted wherever the command COPY appears.

Keep up the good work.

Sincerely,

William M. Johnson WMJ Data Systems 4 Butterfly Drive Hauppauge, New York 11788

+++ BONNE

In your December issue you have a banner program for the 2068 that works very well but has one major shortcoming: it can't print user defined graphics.

I have a short and simple remedy for this situation. Simply add the following to the end of line 13.

:iF I>16383 THEN LET L«65367+8*(CODE C$ (Z)-144)

I'm sure this simple addition will interest those 2068 users who typed in and ran the program .

I really liked your 40 page issue. Keep up the good work.

Sincerely, David Howell Or land, CA

Thanks David, I'll pass it along.

Partial Pascal

Pascal is a computer programming language, very popular on microcom¬ puters, invented by Professor Niklaus Wirth of the Swiss Institute of Technology. Partial Pascal is a subset of Pascal for the ZX81, Timex Sinclair 1000 and 1500.

Partial Pascal includes IF, THEN, ELSE, CASE, OF, OTHERWISE, WHILE, DO, REPEAT, UNTIL, FOR, TO, DOWNTO, BEGIN and

END for program control; read readln, write, writeln, reset, rewrite, eoln, eof, inkey and text for input and output; +, -, *, DIV, MOD, abs, chr, odd, ord, pred, succ and sqr for calculations; NOT, AND and OR for decisions; PRO¬ CEDURE, FUNCTION and FOR¬ WARD for subroutines; CONST, TYPE, VAR, ARRAY, Boolean, char and integer for data; copy, fast, slow, pause and halt for computer control; plot and point for graphics; and mem, me m2, memw, move and usr for machine language.

Partial Pascal executes much faster than BASIC because, as a compiled language, it doesn’t have to search thru tables to find variables or search thru line numbers as BASIC does for each goto, gosub or next. Partial Pascal’s 16-bit integer calculations are much faster than BASIC’s arithmetic.

Please note our new address. Partial Pascal is supplied on cassette tape with instruction manual. 16K RAM required. $30 postpaid from

Semper Software 585 Glen Ellyn Place Glen Ellyn, Illinois 60137

NOTE: T-S Horizons and the author assume no responsibility for damages arising out of the use/misuse of these articles. The reader must understand that any modification sug¬ gestion here is to be taken at the reader's own risk.

I am looking for thermal printing paper for my ZX printer. This thermal paper is the silver metal-coated kind. The TS 2040 thermal printing paper is incompatible with the ZX. Do you know any supplier and/or computer/electronic store that sells ZX type thermal printing paper?

Rufino Hilario Passaic, NJ

First off I would like to say, that this paper is not the thermal type but electro-static, and you were right, in that thermal paper is incompatible with your ZX printer. Instead of heat sensitive paper

like the TS 2040 uses, the ZX printer paper is black with a metal oxide coating over it. When the ZX printer prints, it passes a current through the paper, which vaporizes the metal coating, leaving the dark surface behind. Gladstone Electronics is the only supplier I know of. For a current price quote, you can contact them at the following address: Gladstone Electronics, 1585 Kenmore Avenue, Buffalo, New York 14217 ( Integrated Data Systems Toronto, Ontario M4M 1P3 Phone (416)466-5571 Also carries the metal paper. Editor)

JDM

I have had a ZX81 since September, 1982 and have used it off and on ever since. I have now begun using it much more. I have a 2040 printer, byte-back modem and a 16K ram pack. The last two or three days, I have been unable to enter information into my computer and onto the screen. When I push down on the membrane keyboard nothing happens. If I take out the power supply plug and leave it off for a few minutes, and then plug it back in. I am able to enter a few commands, then it fails again to accept my commands. It is as though the membrane has gone out. What do you think is the matter? Could this be due to a lack of a heat sink? Is this service¬ able and who services ZX81»s at this time? Would it be cheaper just to buy another?

Ken Hatfield Richmond , Kentucky

The first thing to try is to remove your modem and rampack from the computer and test the computer to see if the problem still exists. If the problem has gone, then suspect either the modem or rampack is defective. If the problem still does exist, then I feel that your computer has a bad Sinclair Logic chip. As to the servicing of your computer, your best bet would be to buy another, for the price has dropped below the twenty dollar mark. See issue number 10 page 6 for one supplier. One final note, the fact that your computer will accept input when you first power up, but then fails, rules out a defective membrane keyboard.

I do need help! Keys H, J, L, ENTER, B, N, M ., and SPACE won't function on my TS1000, and all the other keys work, except functions, because the ENTER -FUNCTION key doesn't work. I checked the ribbon cable from the keyboard to the circuit board and none of the con¬ nections are touching ground. I would appreciate any suggestions you might have.

Guy H. Nicholson

The problem sounds like, one of your ribbon cables is not making good connection to the computer. To correct this, remove the ribbon cable which has eight wires, form its socket. Leave the cable with five wires in place. Now inspect the end of the cable that you removed, for tears. If it is torn, trim off the end just above the tear. After checking the cable and fixing it if necessary, care¬ fully re-insert it back into it's socket. Now test the computer, by putting it back together without the screws, and trying all keys. If all keys work now, put the screws back in, and your back in business. If the keys still don't work, or others have stopped working also, try re-inserting the cable again. Repeat this several times if neces¬ sary. If you are still unable to the keys you listed working, try replacing the two diodes marked D7 and D8 and the top side of your computer, near the keyboard sockets. For replacement diodes, Radio Shack sells these in a package of 50 for $1.98. The part number of this package is: 276-1620. When replacing these diodes, make sure to get the correct polarity.

This concludes the letters for this month. If you have a question or problem, please write me, and for a speedy reply, enclose a self addressed stamped envelope.

T/S Help and Information John Marion HC 63 Box 650

Greenup, Kentucky 41144 7

JDM

BITS and BYTES # 3

By Bill Ferrebee _ MOUNTAINEER SOFTWARE

Hello again, T/S lovers! Back again with more nonsense and trivia from the desk at MOUNTAINEER SOFTWARE. Hope all is well with you. I am recovering from hearing 4000 choruses of "We Wish You A Merry Christmas" from my 2068 and MUSICOLA (thank goodness it only comes once a year!).

I receive many cards and letters. Many times I can't find the time to reply immediately. This will be my New Years' resolution: To do my best to answer my mail sooner.

Taking one of the letters that I received in reply of the first "Bits and Bytes" column (Issue #8), it seems that Gladstone has terminated the KRAKIT contest. No one correctly solved the 12 clues, but Gary Gogel of Arizona City, AZ provided me with the correct answers that he received from Inter¬ national Publishing and Software of Canada (the producers of KRAKIT).

Here

are the answers:

COUNTRY

CITY

NUMBER

1.

Scotland

Edinburgh

7464

2.

U.S.A.

New York City

207

3.

U.S.A.

Chicago

1882

4.

Switzerland

Zurich

11

5.

Canada

Ottowa

282

6.

India

Delhi

7

7.

England

Salisbury

1538

8.

Mexico

Chihuahua

10652

9.

Italy

Verona

413637

10.

Russia

Moscow

1812

11.

Ireland

Ballaghadereen

1916

12.

England

Cambridge

811000

In his letter, Gary told me that the explana¬ tion on how the answers were arrived at was 14 PAGES LONG! ! !

Spectrum is becoming available in the U.S., there will be next to nothing stopping us from getting all of that software. . .and hopefully we will be able to use much of the hardware in the near future, also.

If you have the addresses of any of the other British Sinclair magazines, please send them to me, so that I can subscribe to them. If you have any other issues that you wouldn't mind letting me borrow for a week, please send them. I will return the, posthaste, in excellent condition.

In the March issue of T-S HORIZONS, I plan on doing a comprehensive review of Database programs for the TS2068. It will be in a format similar to the one you will see in next month's issue for Word Processors.

If you have a Database program, and would like to be included in this survey, send me a review copy of the program. My address is below.

Bill Ferrebee MOUNTAINEER SOFTWARE 115 North 7th Avenue

Paden City, West Virginia 26159 8

SYNTAX

ZX80 ZX81 SPECTRUM TS1000 TS1500 TS2068

Full coverage for your computer

Just <27 for 6 great issues of the most respected Sinclair/Timex newsletter in North America. Back issues available.

The publication that puts you in charge of your computer and keeps you there.

Thanks, Gary for the answers. If any of you would like to communicate with him, his address is:

Gary Gogel

P.0. Box 2435

Arizona City, AZ 85223

I have just seen my first copy of a British Sinclair magazine! Would you believe it, I have been involved in T/S computers for over 3 years, and just saw my first magazine from England!

William Walker of Huntington, West Virginia sent me his copy of the December 83/January 84 issue of ZX COMPUTING, and WOW! ! ! I couldn't believe all that England has avail¬ able for the ZX81 and Spectrum! Now that the

SYNTAX, TSH0984, Harvard, MA 01451-0667

[] Send me 6 months of SYNTAX — only #27 [] I'd prefer a full year — just $48 [] I want all back issues plus a subscription until Dec. 84 — only #126 [] Check (to SYNTAX ZX80) enclosed [] MC [] VISA [] AMEX [] Diners Club

Account Number _

Exp. Date _ Bank No. (MC) _

Signature _

Name _

Address _

City _ State _ Zip _

Phone Day ( _ ) _ Eve ( _ ) _

TELEPHONE ORDERS CALL (617) 456-3661

I

M *Z>4LA>-> Tfcof So f

115 North 7th Avenue Pciden City , MU 26159 <304) 337-8502

ANNOUNC I IMC3 ! ! ■

A great Nay to get the BEST use of your T/S modem , and keep up to date on the latest T/S neNsf

RIV/ER CITIES SMART BBS

< 2 ■# Jt <S

q Th*. RrIVFR cities SMART BBS is a NEW bulletin board that has * ' Inter*st Group (SIG) especially for Timex/Sinclair

For a smal I one-time LIFETIME Membership Fee, you can be a part of the BEST Timex/Sinclair SIG in the United States! M

«VERHj;?ils*8«A^“BB8:'hi '**‘“r** ^ 'h*

- A fully equipped Message Center

(Leave messages to other T/S users around the country!) Bulletins with current news of interest to T/S users

- An Information Center

(with Articles, product reviews, a National list of T/S User Groups, Publications, Dealers, and more!)

those with Smart Terminal software for Westridge or Byte- Back modems: y

- Programs that you can upload right into your computer1 (F or the 1000 and the 2068!)

Best of all, you can try the RIVER CITIES SMART BBS for

FREE !

On February 23rd t< 24th, you can try RIVER CITIES for FREE, and see what you're missing!! The Telephone Number is:

<r eis 2 — jt i &

Or call us now and find out how YOU can Timex/Sinclair BBS in the entire U.S.!!!

be a part of the

BEST

EfZEE f* Ei E Kf T E t*t S.'S E E EEiUS/Fiy 23rd — 2 4 Ef?

< 30-* J> <SJ5 2— 2 -4 j[ <S

In Touch with the World #5

By Bill Ferrebee MOUNTAINEER SOFTWARE

Hello again, and welcome back to the column. I hope everyone had a nice holiday season, and is ready to face yet another exciting year in the world of T/S computing.

I will be able to now spend much more time with my computer and modem, as I am taking a "sabattical" from college. I am working to get some new products out into the market (word on one of them in the MTERM II Tutorial this month), and have just worked out an agreement with ONLINE of Atlanta, Georgia (see TSH #9) to be the SYSOP for the T/S SIG on ONLINE PLUS.

ONLINE PLUS will be a new service, similar to COMPUSERVE or the SOURCE, but better! Toll-free lines, a low hourly fee, and for T/S users, everything you can imagine! We will hold online User Group meetings every other Sunday afternoon, there will be a fully stocked Download section, and more, more, more! Keep looking in this column for more on ONLINE PLUS.

I have some bad news for those that are on MCI Mail. Effective January 1, 1985 is a yearly $19.00 mailbox fee, and the Toll-free lines will cost .25 per minute of use. I am

very upset about great service, and then turned around and made changes like these. I wrote MCI a letter, and have yet to receive an answer. Is this how it will all turn out? I hope not.

There is a new book out that helps to explain the MTERM II software in more detail, while doing it in easy-to-understand language. "TIMEX/SINCLAIR SMART TERMINAL TELECOMMUNICA¬ TIONS" is a 30 page full size manual that contains all of the information needed to properly use MTERM II. It sells for $5.00 and is available from: Barry Carter, P.0. Box 614, Warren, Michigan 48090. I recommend it highly.

Because of the holiday rush, a few things were left undone. Because of the response to the FREE WEEKEND on RIVER CITIES SMART BBS, many were not able to get in and try it out. So, we will do it again... the weekend of February 23 & 23. Look for the ad in this issue.

I will also be reviewing the Byte -Back modem in the February issue. (I know. .."you said that last month".. .nobody's perfect!) If you have any comments or suggestions, please write. I will do my best to help in any way. Until next month. . .HAPPY TELECOMMUNICATING!

TSH

low MCI baited us with tffTs

Tutorial

MTERM II by Bill Ferrebee

Part II - Text Files

Welcome back to this series of tutorials on how to make proper use of the MTERM II program for the TS2068/Westridge 2050 modem combination. I hope this series helps you to get the most out of your computer in the area of Telecommunications.

This month we will take a look at how to properly Upload and Download a Textfile. A Textfile is a message or manuscript that is sent as formatted output. Examples are letters, articles, documentation, or many other types of text. The one problem with MTERM II is that you can not load a Word Processor into the buffer, write the Textfile, and then send it out. You must write the Textfile "offline". That is, you write it using a WP & save it to tape. Then, you load in MTERM II, and load the Textfile tape into the buffer.

MOUNTAINEER SOFTWARE has just released a Word Processor and Buffer Interface software package called LETTERITER/BUFFERITER to help you do just that. It was developed specif¬ ically for use with MTERM II using the 32 column mode. It is very easy to use, and sells for $19.95 (plus $1.50 shipping and handling) from: MOUNTAINEER SOFTWARE, 115 North 7th Avenue, Paden City, West Virginia 26159.

Using this software, the procedure is simple:

1) Load LETTERITER into the computer.

2) Write your Textfile, formatting it exactly as you want it to look on the screen.

3) Save the Textfile to tape.

4) Clear the computer, and load MTERM II.

5) Once loaded, (E)xit to BASIC, press NEW, and then load BUFFERITER.

6) RUN BUFFERITER, and press (J) to load your Textfile. The computer will return to MTERM once the Textfile is loaded.

7) Make sure your CON setting is at NONE. Your can now send your Textfile in the same manner as Uploading a BASIC program.

If you would like to do it the "long" way, you can use the BASIC editor built into the 2068. By writing your Textfile as a BASIC program, using REM statements, you can do the job without a WP. When doing it in this manner, make sure the CON setting is set at REM, Downloading a Textfile is done in the same manner as downloading a BASIC program, except for the CON setting. Use NONE for this purpose. You may have to open the buffer yourself to catch the Textfile.

Next month, we will look at the proper use of Macrokeys, and how to set them for your own needs . TSH

]

"CHARGE ACCOUNT BARGRAPH" TS1000 or TS 2068 By Bob Woish

Like many other modern consumers, the plastic money in my pocket sometimes spends a little easier than I would like it to. And when the bills come in, the balances are invariably higher than what I remember spending. Those charges add up fast! Fortunately, though, this gives me an excuse to write another ZX/TS Home Applications program - a monthly charge account monitor/bar graph designed to provide incentive to reduce those balances month by month, and watch the graph lines grow shorter.

The program accommodates amounts up to $999.00. This figure can be adjusted if needed by changing the digits in line 37 and the plot formulas in lines 170 and 175. It graphs your balances horizontally and prints the dollar amounts numerically in the far right-hand column for each to twelve months. A separate graph can be made for each ac¬ count.

Lines 140-200 are the heart of the program and are particularly interesting. Lines 140 and 150 call out three letters at a time for M$ (in line 110) and print them at the appropriate times. Line 140 not only con¬ trols the number of passes through the FOR 0 NEXT loop but also specifies the month for \rfiich data is being processed - thus perform¬ ing two functions simultaneously. Lines 170 and 175 control the length of the graph bars, while lines 190 and 195 control the screen lines to be graphed and to hold numeric dollar amounts.

Of course, the program could be useful for other purposes also. By changing the print statements in lines 10 and 36, it could be used in small business for monitoring monthly expense accounts, new customers per month, total sales, almost anything. A bar graph makes numbers more tangible.

CHARGE ACCOUNT BALANCES

UOISH/S DEPT. STORE I9S5

BALANCE ON ACCOUNT:

TS !□□□ tfEPiSIBN

1 REM CHARGE ACCOUNT

2 REM BY R.-E, WOISH - 1/30/8* 10 PRINT "CHARGE ACCOUNT BALAN

CE3 BY MONTH"

20 PRINT AT 2,0; "ENTER YEAR"

24 INPUT Y

26 PRINT AT 2,23;Y

25 PRINT AT 2,0; "ACCOUNT NAME

30 INPUT NS 32 PRINT AT 2,0;"

I I

34 PRINT AT 2,0;N$

36 PRINT AT 4,3; "BALANCE ON AC COUNT: "

33 LET A$="M0NTH"

40 FOR A =3 TO 16 STEP 2 50 PRINT AT R,1;A$<13 60 LET AS = A$ <2 to 3 70 NEXT A 75 FOR A =7 TO 18 30 PRINT AT A , 6; "0"

35 NEXT A

90 FOR A =1 TO 12 95 PRINT AT A+6,4;A 99 NEXT A 100 LET L =23 105 LET K =7

110 LET MS = " JANFEBMARAPRMAY JUN J ULAUGSEPOCTNOUDEC"

140 FOR X=1 T 34 STEP 3 150 PRINT AT 20,0; "ENTER BALANC E AS OF " ; MS (X TO X+23 160 INPUT B 170 FOR D =1 TO B/12.5 175 PLOT 14+0/2, L 130 NEXT D 135 PRINT AT K , 29 ; B 190 LET L =L-2 195 LET K=K+1 200 NEXT X

210 PRINT AT 20,0; "FOR HARD COP

Y HIT ""C .

220 INPUT C$

230 IF CS="C" THEN GO TO 250 240 STOP

250 PRINT AT 20,0; "SAUE FOR FUT URE REFERENCE"

260 IF C$="C" THEN COPY

FOB THE TS eDE.fi

Change line 175 to

11

175 PLOT 56+2*D,L*4

TSH

Experimenting With The Byte Back Modem

By Gordon Young _

Writing machine code software is something PARITY; BIT 5 01

that cannot be accomplished easily overnight. | v even

For quite some time, I have been writing a „

bulletin board program for the TS-1000. This PARITY ENABLE: BIT 401 means first of all, I have to find out how the MODEM works. Since ANCHOR AUTOMATION (the manufacturers of the TS2050) and

ENA8LE

DISABLE

Westrige would not provide any help, I could not begin to write this program for that MODEM. BYTE-BACK provided a complete source code for their software which included the information needed to input and output data.

The BYTE BACK MODEM doesn't use the Z-80 in/out ports (and I don't understand why), but instead uses logic gates that activate the 8251 USART, used to send and receive data. The 8251 is the heart of this MODEM. This chip catches the data from the data bus, serializes it and inserts the appropriate start/stop bits, parity, etc. If you aren't familiar with how MODEMS work, that alright. Just remember it has an input side to get the data, a clock to determine its transmission speed, a serial output of the tones necessary for decoding at the other end. But more than anything, the 8251 USART can send and receive at the same time.

Before using the USART, it must be ini¬ tialized. This process merely informs the chip what parameters you want. This is where knowing the command 'format' comes in. The data you put on the data bus for setting parameters looks like this:

BIT 7 0 0 1 1 -—7 number of stop bits

BIT 6 0 1 0 1^

BIT 5 0 1 0 1 - PARITY

BIT 4 0 1 0 1 - PARITY ENABLE

BIT 3 0 0 1 1— ^CHARACTER LENGTH

BIT 2 0 1 0

BIT 1 0 0 1 1— p-BAUD RATE

BIT 0 0 1 0

NUMBER OF STOP BITS:

BIT 7 00 11

BIT 6 0 1 11

CHARACTER LENGTH: BIT 3 0011

BIT 2 0 10 1

8 bits 7 bits 6 bi ts 5 bits

BAUD RATE: BIT 1 0011

BIT 0 0101

x 64 x 16 x I

SYNC MODE

Each bit of our 8 bit bus has been defined so you can select your own parameters. The Byte Back MODEM operates at 250 baud, which is l/16th of the clock speed. Data bits 1 and 0 will have to be 1 and 0 respectfully.

With 7 bit words, bit 3 and 2 are 1 and 0, respectfully. Likewise, setting to even parity would be 1 and 1 for bits 5 and 4. Lastly, for 1 stop bit, bits 7 and 6 would be 0 and 1. Now, for 7 bit words, 1 stop bit, even parity, 250 baud, our data byte would be:

01111010 binary value 122 decimal

The Byte Back uses address 16383 for status, thus you can POKE 16383,122 to set your parameters. Before doing this, establish a USART reset by POKE 16383,64. This is the order in which the chip operates, RESET, then COMMAND. Afterwards POKE 16383,22 to recon¬ dition the 8251 error flags and enables. At this point, you can send or receive data via address 16382. This is the 'data' address with the BYTE BACK (this MODEM only uses 16382 and 16383).

How do you know if a character has been received, or if the 8251 is ready to trans- 12 mit? After a RESET and COMMAND, address

16383 will provide a status. You can find out the communication status by knowing the bits for this mode:

BIT 1 READY TO TRANSMIT WHEN 1 (HIGH)

BIT 2 CHARACTER RECEIVED WHEN 1 (HIGH)

In BASIC you cannot check these bits easily, so, maybe you would prefer a machine code routine to do this.

LD A,

(16383)

58

LD A, (16383)

58

255

255

63

63

AND 1

230

AND 2

230

1

2

JR Z,-

•7

40

JR Z-7

40

249

249

RET

201

RET

201

wait until ready wait for a received to transmit character

Those of you keeping up with me may already be thinking of up load /down load through BASIC. I suppose you could move RAMTOP down, down¬ load a program in this fashion above RAMTOP. But, I'm not sure how to recover it without losing the stackpointer, variables, screen, etc. It would be tricky, but you could try. TO SEND the entire program you could have a program like this:

5 LET A=PEEK 16404+256*PEEK 16405 10 FOR N=16509 TOA 15 RAND USR 16525 20 POKE 16382, PEEK N 25 NEXT N

Very simply, this would send all data in the BASIC area of RAM to the host. I have not tried these routines in BASIC, but have

In machine code, ANDing has the same effect as a typical logic gate where you AND logic 1 with a bit.

ANDing bit 1 will produce a high on the output only when the bit is high (logic 1). In this manner, we can test individual bits of an entire byte.

Let's say the routine to wait for a received character began at 16514. And let's say you were talking directly with another TIMEX MODEM and needed no ASCII conversion. That is, A TS-1000 with a BYTE BACK MODEM IN ORIGINATE, and the host TS-1000 with a a BYTE BACK IN ANSWER mode. You could communicate directly with a simple program:

5 RAND USR 16514 10 PRINT CHR$ PEEK 16382 15 GOTO 5

Here the host would wait for a new received character. When one is received, it gets printed onto the screen.

The originate computers program may have the "wait until ready" machine code at address 16525. His program would go something like this:

5 IF INKEY$*""THEN GOTO 5 10 LET A$« INKEY$

15 RAND USR 16525 20 POKE 16382, CODE A$

connected the TS-2068 and TS-2050 directly to the TS-1000 and BYTE BACK MODEM with success¬ ful transfer of data. The MODEM works at 250 baud and there is no reason one could not develop communication software in BASIC. Clever programmers might try experimenting.

“...received my moneys worth with just one issue... "

—J. Trenbick

"always stop to read CTM. even though most other magazines I receive (and write for) only get cursory examination..."

— Fred Blechman. K6UGT

U S A Sib 00 lor 1 year

Mexico, Canada S25.00

Foreign $35.00(!and) • $55.00(air)

(U S. funds only)

Permanent (U S. Subscription) $100.00

Sample Copy $3.50

CHET LAMBERT, W4WDR

1704 Sam Drive • Birmingham. AL 35235 (205) 854-0271

for the TS1000 (2K or 16K RAM) Lower-case letters on the

By James A. Webster

The Timex/Sinclair 2040 personal printer is really a super printer, especially for the price. It turns out those program listings so easily and quickly that it's almost better than looking at the listing on the screen. When I bought my printer, however, I was hoping that I would be able to do more than that.

It's true you can COPY and LPRINT anything that can be shown on the screen, but that still leaves much to be desired. At times, we would all like to have lower-case letters, an exclamation point, an apostrophe, or perhaps other more specialized characters. I don't like to feel like my printer is that inferior to the more expensive printers. So I developed a program called SUPERPRINTER. And in three easy steps I will show you how to make your own Timex/Sinclair 2040 print upper-case and lower-case letters.

Enter the program as follows:

1) Type in Listing 1. Press RUN and ENTER.

2) In FAST mode, type in Listing 2. Press RUN and ENTER. At the prompt, ENTER each number in Figure 1, going by columns. Be sure to note that the twelfth number is 35 for the 2K version although it is 63 for 16K use. As you ENTER each number, it is dis¬ played on the screen along with the address it is being POKEd into. If you make a mistake write down the address and POKE the correct number into that address after the program is done. When the last number has been ENTERed the screen will go blank and an inverse K cursor will appear. If you had any errors, correct them now.

3) In FAST mode again, type in Listing 3. Your program is now complete. To SAVE it for future use, press RUN 9800 and ENTER and start your tape recorder recording. Make sure you get a good SAVE or two so that you don’t ever have to ENTER all those numbers again. Whenever you want to LOAD the program you must first RUN the appropriate program from Listing 1 and then LOAD "SUPERPRINTER".

You are now ready to use the program and do some SUPERPRINTing! SUPERPRINTER can be used from immediate mode or from within a program that you add between lines 5 and 9700. To

COPY the screen with SUPERPRINTER you simply ENTER the command GOSUB 9710. If you want to COPY a number of lines other than the usual 22, then first LET NUM* the number of lines you want (from 1 to 24) and then GOSUB 9700. The number of lines COPYed will stay the same until you change them again. To LPRINT a string with SUPERPRINTER you must first LET Z$*"the string" and then GOSUB 9730.

If you experiment with these commands you will note that GRAPHICS symbols and numbers are printed normally but all letters are printed in lower-case. For upper-case letters you must type inverse (GRAPHICS) letters. You can also use inverse 8 to print an exclamation point and inverse 9 for an apostrophe. Go ahead and try out the new power now available to you.

If you only have 2K of memory and find yourself running out of space too soon you may wish to delete lines 9800 through 9920 to make a little more room. With 16K you should leave these lines in so that if you write an additional program that you want to SAVE you can RUN 9800 and SAVE the whole program, including data and machine code above RAMTOP. Remember to note that you will have to set RAMTOP correctly, by RUNning Listing 1, before reLOADing.

Figure 2 gives a sample program used with SUPERPRINTER along with the resulting print¬ out. This demonstrates how to use the new capabilities of your printer. If you would like to understand a little more of how this all works, and maybe make some changes in the characters printed, please continue reading.

First, the reason why the LPRINT routine in the ROM can't print lower-case letters: It sends out data to the printer which tells it whether to make each little dot black or white. For the shapes of the characters it is programmed to rely on the same dot pattern table used to store the shapes of characters displayed on the screen. There apparently was not enough room in the 8K ROM for this table to hold anything but the upper-case letters and other Sinclair characters.

Both the LPRINT routine and the dot pattern table it uses are in ROM (Read-Only Memory) so we cannot change them. We must move them to the RAM and use them there if we are going to make modifications. The program given in Listing 1 changes the system variable RAMTOP so as to make room for the ROM routine and table above the BASIC operating system area.

Lines 10 through 50 of Listing 2 move the 140-byte LPRINT routine to this new area. Lines 60 and 70 change it so that rather than automatically use the ROM dot pattern table, it jumps to a control routine at the end of it.

This 32-byte machine language routine is INPUT from Figure 1 by lines 90 and 100 of Listing 2. It determines when to use the ROM table and when to use our own table. The routine is shown in disassembled form in Figure 3. The JR REENTRY instruction at the end returns control to where the LPRINT routine was left, with the H register proper¬ ly loaded. The H register must hold half the value of the most significant byte of the address the table starts at.

i b 4- 4 4- TO 164- Z$ <33 )

, CODE Z$ i.'N-l

o P «. k‘T + 3 s Z$ <33 THEN =25.(33 TO )

P££K Ibooo +2

B TO 5+63 3 =9 $ +CHR $ PEE

5UPERPR INTER L £ K 1 6 3 8 3 + £ 5 O 9390 0 PRINT .« , !! R9MT OP U 9 5 1 RRECTLY . "

0 5 ! O P

0 rOR N=5 TO 6 + 5 3 3 0 POKE N , CODE fi $ ( N - 5 + 1 ) 0 NEXT N 0 RUN

Listing a > tN ! LKi ng data ,

I00LET H =PEEK 18 33 S +256* PEEK 6 3 S 9

20

F fi p Kj -

2153

TO 2292

30

POKE 9

, PEE

K N

40

L_ iZ.T H =

9 + 1

50

NEXT N

*-• XJ

r* ! ••. •_ n

70

POKE 9

— 7F, .

~7F:

30

PRINT

: u

NTER EACH

IN F

IGURE I

s

90

LET 5 =

31

100

G0SU6

•1

J- •£.' ‘CJ

110

LET 9 =

9+32

0

120

LET 6 =

223

130

G0SU6

- .-s.-s.-s

J- t-> <£-•

140

NEW

1000

FOR N =

9 TO

9 + 5

1010

INPUT

0

1020

<_• F*! U L_ ! _

1030

PRINT

N .= C

1040

POKE N

, C

1050

NEXT N

1050

K tiT U K N

=!030 fh INI 9;9T 4,11;"

:: • QT - 1 1 • : 1 > «

h .• -l -l j. ..

9040 FOR N = 5 TO 12 9050= PRINT 9T N ; 11 ; "p 9050 NEXT N 9070 DIM 9(3,3)

9030 LET 5=1 9090 LET C=5 9100 LET D = 123 9110 5 L O U

9120 PRINT 9T 4+5 , ii+O.; CHR$ 4+5, 11+G; CHR$ 955 (D-12S) 9130 LET E = OODE IN KEY $

9140 If- E < 33 OR E > 4 3 OR i E •• D E < 4 1 ) THEN GOTO 9120 9150 IF E =43 THEN GOTO 9240 9150 IF E <37 THEN GOTO 920O 9170 Ltl D = 1 2 3 + ( E - 4 1 )

30

LET 9

<5,0 =42 -E

90

GOT O

9120

00

LET C

=0+(t=36 AND C < 3

9ND

0 > 1 )

10

LET 5

=5 + ( E =34 9ND 5 <3

AND

5 > 1 )

20

L E~ 0

= 123+ (1-9(5, C) )

30

GOTO

9120

40

LET E

=9+3+32255

9250 F95T

9250 FOR 5=1 TH Q

9270 LET 9=0

9230 FOR C=1 TO 3

9290 LizT 9=9+9 (B , C) *2 + # (8-C

9300 NEXT O

9310 POKE E + 5.-9

9320 NEXT 5

The remainder of the BASIC program in Listing 2 is used to INPUT the rest of the data from Figure 1. This data determines the shape of the new characters.

The main SUPERPRINTER program in Listing 3 is pretty straightforward. Lines 9800 and on are used only when SAVEing the program. The data and machine code above RAMTOP is loaded into A$ so that it will be SAVEd too. When the program later is LOADed it will be POKEd back into the proper locations. Line 5 must be RUN before the rest of the program will work. Lines 9730 to 9790 may look a little complicated but all they do is load Z$ into the LPRINT buffer at addresses 16444 to 16475 and LPRINT it one line at a time.

If you've been itching to design some charac¬ ters of your own the time has come. Figure 4 shows a sample portion of the dot pattern table. The formula is given for finding where each character shape starts. The pattern is visible in the binary version. You can design your characters on paper and POKE the values in directly if you understand this technique. For those with 16K, however, there is a much easier way to design your own characters. Just add the lines in Listing 4 to your existing SUPERPRINTER program.

When you start this program, using RUN or RUN 9000, you will be prompted for a character code between 0 and 63, inclusive. Refer to your BASIC manual for the character codes. Codes 36 through 63 are already used but you can of course change them. Codes 11 through 35 are best to use for additional characters. These will be LPRINTed when the GRAPHICS inverse of that character is sent to SUPER¬ PRINTER.

Use the unshifted arrow keys (5 through 8) to move the flashing cursor. Press "D" to draw a pixel and "E" to erase one. Press "F" vrtien finished. The program will then POKE the correct data into the proper locations and STOP at line 9699. After designing a charac¬ ter with this program, you can COPY the screen for a hard copy of your design or you can RUN or RUN 9000 to design another charac¬ ter.

If you decide that you want to print only your own characters without switching back and forth between upper-case and lower-case letters then you should bypass the machine language control routine. To do this you need to POKE RAMTOP (RT) +63, 38. Also POKE RT +64, 63(or 35 for 2K). Now only the characters you have designed will be printed and not the regular Sinclair characters.

With a little imagination I'm sure you will find even more exciting ways to use this new power of your printer. Complete high-resolution printouts can be done. The alphabet of a different language could be printed. Characters could be printed

Figure

1.

Data

to

be ENTERed.

245

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

121

16

0

0

64

0

0

0

7

16

60

52

68

60

62

63

56

15

65

66

72

66

64

34

9

15

64

6 F

80

66

60

84

31

0

56

62

104

66

2

55

254

16

50

j=!

68

50

60

40

33

0

0

50

8

0

0

0

5F,

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

17

16

2

54

112

0

32

0

38

15

2

54

16

124

32

56

63 ±

32

52

124

16

66

li=! 4

35

24

0

66

56

16

56

32

24

15

0

56

56

16

124

32

35

203

0

62

F.F.

124

54

24

66

53

0

0

0

0

64

0

0

79

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

254

0

0

15

0

0

0

0

33

60

50

0

92

62

66

63

48

2

65

43

42

56

55

40

6

62

124

15

42

66

56

15

254

66

54

16

42

52

70

15

11

62

62

124

42

2

53

16

48

0

0

0

0

2

0

95

241

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

203

64

12

0

0

0

0

0

249

64

18

2

92

92

68

126

33

124

15

0

34

34

68

4

15

66

124

c!

34

32

63

24

241

66

15

2

34

32

40

32

24

124

15

93

34

32

16

125

149

0

0

50

0

0

0

0

* Should be

35 +or

2K version.

Figure 2. SUPERPRINTER example.

-Hi-ET RT =PEEK 15383 +256+PEEK 16389

10 LET Z $ = T ION OF THE RM U IT H THE PRINTER : *•

' ' liHIS IS R DEM O N ST R R

ISUPERPRINTERl

glMEX-glNCLRIR 2Q4Q

2Q G05UB 973S

3© PRINT ....

4-0 FOR N = 0 TO S3

50 PRINT CHR $ (N + 128) j CHR$ N;

60 NEXT N 70 LET NU M=3 SO G05UB 97©0 9699 STOP

This is a demonstration o+- the SUPERPRINTER program with the Timex-Sinclair 204© printer :

■ # i'»Bi a v jr m ** ip

' £ 5 : ? < ) >

— £ / t i . 0 1 2 d

4 5 6 7 ! S ' 9 fla Bb Cc Dd Ee F-P Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk LI Mm Nn Oo P p Qq Rr Ss Tt- Uu um ijw xx yy Zz

16

'i gure 3.

control routine .

ASSEMBLY ME LANGUAGE

140

245

CONTROL

PUSH

141

121

LD A

142

7

RLCA

143

53 • A

JR C

145

31

RRA

146

254 : 38

CP 3

143

55 , 17

JR C

150

33 = 53*

OWN CH

LD H

152

24, 15

JR D

154

203 , 53

INVERSE

SRL

43 6 254, 11 43 ,241 <=!0:J , 24 33, 15 241

24, 149

NORMAL

DONE

JR C NORMAL LD H, 63d JR DONE SRL A LD C , A CP 38 d JR NO NORMA CP lid JR NO OWN C SET 7 , C r LD H , 15d

POP AF JR REENTRY

Whether you go on to design your own charac¬ ters and special uses for SUPERPRINTER or use the upper-case/lower-case capability for word processing I'm sure you will have fun making the most out of that amazing little black box called a Timex/Sinclair 2040. Let me know of any other uses you can dream up for SUPER¬ PRINTER.

If you don't feel like typing in the programs in this article, the author will send you a copy on tape for $6, postpaid, in the United States, or $9 foreign. ISH

James A. Webster 410 Fremont Street Laredo, Texas 78040

2K version.

upside-down or sideways. You can print your own graph paper for special uses. And you can also print very nice graphs. Or you may also need some special math or science symbols. A real classy touch at the end of a letter is to have the printer print your signature just like you would sign it.

| Figure 4.

Dot pattern table.

s

*33 £ CODE for

A “ 3 +172 + RAMTOP =

A

START =13224 i

E 2K) or 32560 C15KJ

Dec .

Binary

A

START O

00000000

0

00000000

60

00111100

i=!

00000010 _ ■

52

00111110 ■■■

55

01000010 |

52

00111110 SSHH

0

00000000

B

START , . .

maURLITY SOFTWARE***

TAX RETURN ORGANIZER

Tired of throwing away tax Programs after using them just once. The TR0 consists of 4 Programs which can be used year after year. This is Possible since the TR0 does not follow the ever changing tax forms. The TR0 will help organize your tax records. Can be used with or without a Printer.

TS1000-ZXS1 $18 TS2068 $20

STOCK PLOT

This Program written by Kendric Smith will Plot Prices and volumes for the last 26 weeks. Graphs of each stock can be Printed to the screen or to a Printer. Listing of HI -LG, P-E Ratio, PURCHASE PRICE, CURRENT PRICE, ^.PROFIT, 2PRGF I T< LOSS ) of Portfolio, etc.

TS1000-ZXS1 <19 stocks ) $14 TS2068 <200 stocks) $16

All TS1000-ZX81 Programs require 16K. All Prices include Postage. NY residents add sales tax. Deduct 10,; on the Purchase of 2 or more software Packages.

FREE PRICE LIST : We carry many brands of software, over 50 titles.

WriJ DATA SYSTEMS 4 BUTTERFLY DRIVE HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788

IBANK SWITCHING “,"'1

by Paul Hunter

The operating routines for the bank switching and file managanent system are now moreoriess complete. Some changes have been made since last month to fit the program into 2048 bytes ate in order to avoid any confusion the entire list is presented in Figure 1. Only the data are listed — the first address is 8192 and the last is 10239. (The manory map will be illustrated next month.) Although all the subroutines are nonreloca table, the main program from 9720 to 10239 can be moved to any location you wish. It is accessed by a jimp from 8192.

The program is suitable for use either with a bank-switched system or with a regular 64K RAM pack. As mentioned last week, a 64K RAM pack may be regarded as a 32K system with a single 16K bank.

generally the maxiimxn reliable length of data, address, and control lines without proper termination. Note that if you wish to terminate your busses properly there are special termination resistor networks available these days in a SIP configuration which makes the task easy.

Sane readers have used larger dynamic manory packs in a swi tclied system. In this regard note that Gladstone Electronics, Inc. (1585 Kenmore Ave. Buffalo, NY14217 (716) 874-5510) currently have their 64K pc board (order no. BCB64/44) with male and female connectors on offer for $9. This is the board described in the last issue of Timex-Sinclair User and is an excellent buy at this price — the connectors alone are worth $6:50. Note that dynamic memory refreshed through row addresses A0-A6 can be selected or deselected using the CAS signal — and therefore can be divided into banks.

The listing is tedious to load accurately by hand and can be obtained fran the autlior on cassette for $10 ppd . (See advertisement for address.) The program on the cassette will autorun on loading to reset RAMIUP to 49110; load the operating system into the 8-10K block; and then load an empty directory into the bank occupying the 49152-65535 block. The directory can be loaded into otter banks at this stage. The operating system can then be initiated by executing RAND USR 8192.

One of the changes from last month has been to locate the system variables outside the 8-10K block at 49110-49151. This has the distinct advantage of allowing the operating system to be placed in read-only memory (EPROM, E 2 PROM, or NVM with write-protect) . The new addresses wall also be listed next month.

Before describing the use of this system in more detail, I want to mention some of the points raised by you.

Finally, and I am indebted to Robert A. Jenkins of Chicage Heights for ideas along these lines, is the suggestion to control the operating system described herein fran within a program. This creates a virtual memory system with a manory size (program or data) limited only by the nuriber of banks and your imagination. The modular nature of the system makes this scheme relatively easy to implement.. Since we're going to run out of space this month these ideas will be developed in the final instalment next month.

THE OPERATING SYSTEM

The initial set-up requires at least 64K of manory with the operating system located at 8-10K. Execution of RAND USR 8195 will reset. RAMIOP to 49110. The directory described last month should be loaded at 49152 — at the beginning of the bank. Loading the cassette tape will do all this automatically .

POINTS ARISING

The first concerns the physical layout, of the hardware. It is important, not to spread every tiling out too much — ranember that 10-12 inches is

Entry of RAND USR 8192 will The first thing to happen directory and menu. The response ( ' 1 ' through ' 8 ' ) . through '7' causes a return

start the main program, is the display of the program waits for a Any key other than ' 1 '

to BASIC.

18

BANK 1 DIRECTORY

NO. NAME .EXT ADDR SIZE

Ai DIRECTORY . DIRi 491521 00704*

Bi

Cl

Di

El

Ft

Oi

Hi

Ii

Ji

Ki

Li

Mi

Ni

Oi

1 1 SAVE 3 1 PURGE 5 1 PACK 7 1 ROOM 2 i LOAD 4i RECLAIM 6i BANK SiQUIT

You could, for example, respond with a '7' to display the amount of available space in the bank:

ROOM IN BANK - 15600

Enter an '8' to return to BASIC and then enter a program to test the system. Run the program to initialize some variables. (he one of your own programs or, for example, enter:

10 REM TEST OF OPERATING SYSTEM 20 PRINT "THIS IS LINE t"

30 PRINT "THIS IS LINE 2"

40 PRINT "THIS 18 LINE 3"

50 LET VAR I ABLE- 11 60 LET T#«"T 8 HORIZONS"

70 PRINT T*|" ISSUE "» VAR I ABLE BO PRINT "THIS IS THE LA8T LINE"

Now enter RAND USR 8192 and this time choose response ' 1 ' :

ENTER "FILENAME. EXT" I PROGRAM N01.PRG

In answer to the prompt, enter a filename — for example "PROGRAM NDl.PRG" . There's no need to enter the period between the filename and the extension (in fact you shouldn't). If you make a mistake then the 'delete' key will allow you to start again.

The option now presented is to save the entire file (by entering 'A') or some part of the file. 'S' represents the starting line number of the program in case you forgot (you could enter the number) and 'E' represents the last line number. Of course, entry of 'S' and then 'E' has the same result as entering 'A'. Let's save the entire program by entering 'A'. Then enter 'S' to initiate the SAVE and hit any key to redisplay the directory:

BANK 1 DIRECTORY

■ ■eaKBaaoBflsiBBVBiBBaiiaeBBaansaaa

NO. NAME .EXT ADDR SIZE

At DIRECTORY . DIRl 491521 007041

B: PROGRAM N01 . PRGl 49S56i 002001

Ci

Di

El

Fi

Gi

Hi

It

Ji

Ki

Li

Ml

Ni

Oi

1 i SAVE 3 i PURGE SiPACK 7 i ROOM 2 i LOAD 4i RECLAIM 6 i BANK SiQUIT

Note that tie file is located at 49856 and that it is 200 bytes long. (Actually it's 198 bytes long plus two bytes to store the size.) Determination of the room left in the bank slows that the available space las been reduced by 200 bytes.

ROOM IN BANK - 15480

While on tie subject of saving, try saving the variables (as "VARIABLES l.VAR" for example) and then the total system (as "TOTAI.SYSTEM.TOT") . Note that the size of tie total system is much larger than the other two files. This is mainly because it includes the display file (704 bytes long) . It is more economical in bank space to save the program and variables separately. The screen during a save operation looks like:

SAVE A FILE

ENTER "FILENAME. EXT" 1 TOTALSYSTEM. TOT

EXECUTE BAVE (8) OR ABORT <A> I

ADDRESSi 500B6

SIZEl 1136

PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTINUE

Finally, try saving a limited range of lines from the program — for example lines 20-40. In a real application this might be a subroutine. Enter 20 and 40 in answer to the prompts in the save operation. Again, if you make an error, the 'delete' key will erase erase the entry and allow you to start again. The directory now appears as:

FIGURE 1

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BANK 1 DIRECTORY

BacaBBBaBaBaaaanaBDSiaiscsDSSBasBniia

NO. NAME .EXT ADDR SIZE

Al DIRECTORY . DIRi 49152* 007041

Bi PROGRAM NO l.PRGi 49856 1 00200 1

Ci VARIABLES 1 . VAR I 50056 1 00030*

Di TOTALSYSTEM.TOTi 500861 01 138*

Ei LINES 20-40. PRO* 512241 00068*

Fi

Gi

Hi

Ii

Ji

Ki

Li

Mi

Ni

Oi

1 1 SAVE 3 * PURGE 5 1 PACK 7 1 ROOM 2 1 LOAD 4i RECLAIM 6i BANK BiQUIT

Now let's answer '8' and return to BASIC. Type NEW to clear the system. Enter RAND USR 8192 and respond with '2' to load a file:

ENTER LETTER <A TO 0) OF FILE* "Z" WILL REDISPLAY DIRECTORY

Enter the file you wish to load (for example 'B'). If you need to look at the directory then the response 'Z' will redisplay it. The screen will blank momentarily as the program requested is loaded and then run automatically:

THIS IS LINE 1 THIS IS LINE 2 THIS IS LINE 3 T S HORIZONS ISSUE 11 THIS 18 THE LAST LINE

A LIST produces the program:

10 REM TEST OF OPERATING SY8TEM 20 PRINT "THI8 IS LINE l"

30 PRINT "THIS IS LINE 2"

40 PRINT "THIS IS LINE 3"

50 LET VAR I ABLE- 11 60 LET T*-"T S H0RIZ0N8"

70 PRINT Tt| " ISSUE "| VARIABLE 80 PRINT "THIS 18 THE LA8T LINE"

Now delete it (NEW) and try another load (RAND USR 8192 followed fcy '2'). This time choose C — the variables file. The only response on tlie screen is a 0/0 prompt and a list also produces 0/0. The variables are there however — try for example PRINT T$:

T S HORIZONS

Now enter NEW and RAND USR 8192 again. This time load the total system (TDTALSYSTEM.TOT) . Note how the display file at the time of tie save is reproduced — not much use in this case. We’ll use the program this time to test the reclaim option.

LIST produces the program. Suppose that lines 50 to 70 are to be deleted . Enter RAND USR 8192 ard chxwe the response '4'. The first decision is to choose between clearing the variables or clearing all or part of the programs

RECLAIM PART OF SYSTEM

ENTER V TO CLEAR ALL VARIABLES OR P TO CLEAR (PART OF) PROGRAM

Choose P and enter 50 and 70 in response to tlie prompts. (Incidentally, entering the same number for start and end will delete the single line.) The program returns you to the directory and tJ>e response '8' will show what's been done to the program. List it:

10 REM TEST OF OPERATING SYSTEM 20 PRINT "THIS IS LINE 1"

30 PRINT "THIS IS LINE 2"

40 PRINT "THIS IS LINE 3"

80 PRINT "THIS IS THE LAST LINE"

If you have a inul ti -banked system the BANK routine allows you to change banks and autanatically brings up the directory of the required bank. Enter 0, 1, 2, or 3. The program masks the response to avoid any interference with the ZX81 operating system. Note the change in the LED status on tlie batik switching memory manager board.

Finally the purge and pack options — the two go together. The purge ccxnnand simply flags a file for purge — it can later be un flagged if you change your mind. The pack oonmand actually does the purging when repacking the files together. Choose option ’3' to purge a file:

PURGE A FILE

THE FILE WILL BE FLAGGED AND PURGED WHEN THE BANK IS REPACKED

PURGE (P) OR UNPURGE <U>?

tet's choose to purge 'C' — the variables file.

Enter P first and then C. The directory returns with the flag on the 0 file:

BANK 1 DIRECTORY

NO. NAME .EXT ADDR SIZE

Ai DIRECTORY . DIR: 49132: 00704: Bi PROGRAM NO 1 . PRG I 49856 1 00200 1 Cl VARIABLES 1 . VAR i 30056: 00030: P D: TOTALSYSTEM. TOT : 50086:01138: E: LINES 20-40. PRG: 51224: 00068: Fi Gl Hi 1:

Ji

K:

L:

Mi

N:

0:

The pack option wall actually do the purge. So there's no need to ranove a file until you're sure it's not needed or you need the space. The pack routine was the most difficult to write and consists of four sequential operations. The first (at 10075 for 20 bytes) scans the directory for tlie first purge flag. The second (at 10095 for 41 bytes) causes tie flagged file to be overwritten as all additional files sure moved down in menory. The third routine (at 10136 for 45 bytes) removes tie directory entry as other entries are moved up in the display. The last entry is simply blank©!. A return is now made to the first routine to search for the next flagged file. The fourth ant! last operation (at 10182 for 57 bytes) is done on the display file itself in slow mode. All addresses in tlie directory are recomputed (if you watch you will see this happen) . Finally the new display file is saved and then redisplayed in fast node. The directory now looks as follows:

BANK 1 DIRECTORY

NO. NAME .EXT ADDR SIZE

A: DIRECTORY . DIR: 49152: 00704: B: PROGRAM NO 1. PRG : 49856 : 00200 1 C: TOTALSYSTEM. TOT : 30036 : 01 138: D: LINES 20-40. PRG: 31 194: 00068: E:

F:

Gl

Hi

I:

J:

K:

L:

Mi

Ni

Oi

1 1 SAVE 3 1 PURGE 3 1 PACK 7 1 ROOM 2 1 LOAD 4i RECLAIM 6 1 BANK BiQUIT

Next month this series will finish. TSH

T81000 SOFTWARE

PetkM08- 64K Mt mor w 0Perttin9 System til out severs l Pro9rtms to bt resident in rtm tnd trtnsfered instsntl* to the norms l 16K user sPtce. Fettures directors delete file; store file; rectll file tnd more. 64K CASSETTE <20

WordPro- Word Procettor Print* upper tnd lower ct*e (even on T8 Printer).

Fetture* setrch; inverse video; block delete; selecttble line lensth; Pt9e seperttion tnd more. SPecif* Ptrtllel <T8 Printer) or teritl (BYTE BACK R8232) version. 16K CASSETTE $15

VI3A/MA8TERCARD ACCEPTED. 25* DISCOUNT FOR 0RDER8 OF MORE THAN 1 CASSETTE.

Petk; P.0. Box 8005 8ulte 231 Boulder; CO 80306-8005

i I SAVE 3 1 PURGE 3 1 PACK 7 1 ROOM 2 l LOAD 4i RECLAIM 6l BANK 8: QUIT

22

The HUNTER Board

Add Memory that won't Forget!

DESCRIBED IN JULY/AUGUST 1983 Radis Electronics

^ ADD YOUR OWN SYSTEM UTILITIES

is

U*

tS

USE HM6116LP CMOS RAM OR 2716/2732 EPROM

BUILD UP A LIBRARY OF MACHINE LANGUAGE SUBROUTINES

UP TO 8K NONVOLATILE RAM

COMPATIBLE WITH 16K RAM PACKS

$3295

plus $1.95 shipping and handling

What a super product!... conceived and executed very nicely.. .and with quality components.

(SYNTAX QUARTERLY Winter 82)

For versatility this is even better than an EPROM... ranks quite high on the list of "must-haves”...

(SYNC Magazine Mar/ Apr 83)

Provides the user with instant software.. .an extremely versatile memory extension...

(Z-WEST June 83)

Complete kit with one 2K 6116LP-3 . . . $32.95

Additional three 6116LP-3 . . $17.00

Bare pc board & manual . $1 3.05

Female connector 23/46 gold bifurcated . $ 5.00

Kit for EPROM use only . $22.95

Assembled & tested with 2K . . . . $47.95

Assembled & tested with 8K . $65.95

Shipping & handling per order . $ 1 .95

Send check or money order to the address below:

HUNTER, 1630 FOREST HILLS DRIVE, OKEMOS, Ml 48864

2068 Word-Processor

. nwiw Software Evaluation

(Part I)

By Bill Ferrebee

All of us are aware of the many functional uses for computers. They help to simplify tasks, keep accurate records, speed up complex calculations, and let us play great games.

If you would take a survey of a large group of computer users, and ask them to name the most important applications that computers help to ease, you would come up with these three:

1. Word Processing

2. Spreadsheets

3. Data Base Management

Over the coming months, I plan to take a close look at all three of these applica¬ tions, and the software available in these areas for the TS2068. I will present each application in two parts:

1. An OVERVIEW of the programs avail¬ able for the specific application.

2. Short reviews of each program in that area.

If you have a program available for the TS2068 in the area of Word Processing, Spreadsheet, or Data Base Management, and would like to be included in the reviews, please feel free to provide me with a copy of the software. My address is:

Bill Ferrebee

MOUNTAINEER SOFTWARE

115 North 7th Avenue

Paden City, West Virginia 26159

This month, I will give an OVERVIEW of Word Processing programs available for the TS2068. By now, you should know what the main func¬ tion of a Word Processor is.. to enable you to generate manuscripts (letters, term papers, notes, etc.) with proper formatting, correct spelling, and without the need for "Whiteout."

Word Processing programs can enable you to type text, correct it on the screen BEFORE printing it, generate as many copies as you want, then save the text to tape or disk for future use. This can save you many hours of time, reams of paper, and possibly your sanityl

Before we talk about Word Processing (WP) programs for the TS2068, let's define a few specifics:

1. There are TWO types of printers utilized with the TS2068, the TS2040 Thermal Printer & Full-Sized printers such as the Epson FX-80. Some WP programs can utilize ONLY the 2040, some can utilize ONLY a Full-Sized printer, and some can be used with both.

2. Furthermore, currently there are TWO types of Printer Interfaces available for Full-Sized printers, the AERCO and the TASMAN. Again, some WP programs are format¬ ted for only one interface, and some can use either. And remember some programs can use the 2040 only, and can not interface with a Full-Sized printer.

3. Some of these WP programs utilize a 64-column screen. I recommend that you use a monitor or a GOOD Black & White TV if you use one of these programs. Nothing can be more frustrating than to end up crossed-eyed after typing in a textfile that is a blur on the screen!

We do not have the time or the space to explain every feature available in these WP programs in detail. If you would like more information on what each feature does, I recommend you get a copy of the CONSUMER REPORTS "Computers at Home Guide". It sells for $2.50 (plus $1.00 postage and handling), and is available from:

Consumers Union Bulk Sales Dept.

P.0. Box 1952 Marion, Ohio 43306

The checklist enclosed is one I generated to use during the evaluation of the various Word Processing programs available for the TS2068. It covers all of the basic features necessary for a good WP, and also shows you some of the "bells & whistles" that may be added to the programs. This in no way is the limit to the features available. There may be some other features that I have not covered that may be of interest to you. If you have any addi¬ tional questions, please write me and I will be glad to find out what I can.

The chart that follows has the programs that I had available to me listed vertically, and the pertinent information marked horizontal¬ ly. If there are any other Word Processing programs available for the TS2068 that I do not have listed, please provide me with them, and I will be glad to generate an Addendum in a future issue.

Next month, I will put each WP program through a sample textfile, and give you my review on each. In closing, I hope the chart I have compiled helps you to compare the features of each, and allows you to make a better choice, according to your needs.

f^RAFfQT S°f*ware Review i by Bill Ferrebee

AUTHOR: T.A. David TYPE: Educational /Entertainment MACHINE: TS2068 PRICE: $19.95

AVAILABLE FROM: T.E.J. COMPUTER PRODUCTS 859 North Virgil Avenue Los Angeles, CA 90029

Continuing in our series of reviews of "fine arts" type of T/S programs, this month we will take a look at GRAFIST. GRAFIST is a graphics program for the TS2068 that is very enjoyable to use.

GRAFIST contains the basic necessities of any good graphics program: Color selection, PEN (narrow) and BRUSH (wide) applicators, ability to combine graphics and text, cir¬ cles, etc.

You can use either a joystick or the keyboard to DRAW on the screen. GRAFIST allows you to store up to 3 seperate PAGES in memory, to recall later. If you are working on a picture, and want to experiment, you can send what is done so far into memory, and then proceed with your idea. If you don't like it, you can recall the original from memory, and continue.

Attention Technical Types: SUM is here!!!

SUM

♦Small User's Math is a compendium of numerical programs for the small system user by T-S Horizon columnist K.D. Lewis.

It contains

Powerful Algorithms

to handle first and second order differential equations; matrix eigenvalue/vector solution; curve fitting and cubic spline routines; determinants, matrix inversion; Laplace/Poisson equation; the heat or molecular diffusion equation; and more!

Send your check for $15.00 to:

Box C-6, 767 Hopetown Rd.,

Chillicothe , Ohio 45601

Order SUM today!

Another feature available by having 3 page memory is the ability to animate. By quickly going form pages 1 through 3, you can do simple animation.

A feature of GRAFIST that is not graphic that I like is the ability to do scrolling text messages. You can design flashing banners, and by combining them with text, a very effective advertising message can be pro¬ duced. I used this feature in che front window of the Video Rental store I manage when we had the Grand Opening at our new location.

You can also use the TITLE mode to design letterheads, logos, etc. You specify the character size, and spacing, and GRAFIST automatically designs it for you.

GRAFIST will accommodate either a TS2040 Thermal Printer, or most Centronics Dot-Matrix printers.

The documentation again is a fold-out sheet in the cassette box, but it does explain the features in a general way. My best advice is... have fun and EXPERIMENT!

Summing it up, GRAFIST is a very interesting piece of software, and if you like to play around with graphics, I feel it is a worth¬ while investment. TSH

F0OTE% SOFTWARE

NEW 1 BADGAMMON 2068 Full color and sound. 2068 version of the popular Backgammon game. $19.95

2068

USA $15.95

(Presidents and States &

Calorie Counter 16.95 Advanced Math 14.95 (Calculus)

Fun & Games n.a.

(Tic-Tac-Toe & Hangman)

Note: 2068 versions are more than just "uploads", but are remakes containing full color and sound.

SPECTRUM ROM . only $20.00

Lets your TS2068 run Spectrum soft¬ ware. Just swap out ROMs or build the "Spectremulator" as described in the August issue of SUM.

Add $1 for shipping and handling.

FOOTE SOFTWARE PO BOX 14655

GAINESVILLE, FL 32604-4655 (904) 462-1086 6-9PM EST

1000/1500 $11.95 Caps. ) 12.95

9.95

7.95

26

LOOK FOR OUR PRODUCTS AT SKIPPER ELECTRONICS.

T-S 2068 Product

by Tex Faucette

Timex Sinclair 2068 Guidebook,

T.S.S.

P.O.Box 15214 Red Bank, Tennessee 27415 I am somewhat at loss as to just how to assign a category to this cassette. Certain¬ ly it is a program, LOAD "" gets in into the T/S 2068, and menus take over from there. It is also a catalog of sorts, as it lists merchandise available for the T/S 2068. Egad, what a list! But it also posseses the traits of a magazine in that MONTHLY updates are promised!

I had been advised that this project was nearing the "production" stage, by the originator, Don Barnard, some time ago. Next the grapevine reported that Mr. Barnard was experiencing tape problems. In the press of other matters, I had almost forgotten the whole thing. Then the tape arrived. I was overwhelmed at the information it contained.

What Don Barnard and his associates have done is compile an extensive "resource list" for the T/S 2068. How extensive? Let me put it this way, if you are going to print out the whole listing on your Timex Printer, be sure to have a new roll of paper installed before you begin!

The tape for September 1984 is divided into four parts. Part 1 is dedicated to publica¬ tions, hardware and supplies. (Yes, Dear Reader, T-S HORIZONS is included.) A total of 69 items are listed in this part. Each item occupies a "page" which gives brief description, price(s), vendor(s), and "Best Buy" source.

Menu options in each part include a list of vendors and ordering instructions.

Part 2 contains home and business software.

I was amazed at the variety of programs in this category that are available for the 2068. Ninety programs are listed in this part, ranging from simple checkbook managers to quite sophisticated business programs such as payroll and income tax FOR BOTH THE U.S. and CANADA! A number of word processors are also included.

Part 3 contains entertainment software, with 75 listings. My comment here is that those who are really hooked on games should avoid this section. I can almost guarantee that reading it would be dangerous to their bank account. On the other hand, I spotted what appears to be some outstanding buys, espe¬ cially among the "command cartridge" types listed.

Part 4 contains educational and utility software, with 74 listings. One thing that caught my eye was an I.Q. test said to contain a total of 100K (loaded in segments, just like the GUIDEBOOK), another (hackers take note!) was Hot-Z II. There were also some programs to convert T/S 1000 programs to the 2068.

While perusing these extensive listings, I paid special attention to the descriptions of those products with which I was familiar. Almost without exception I found the de¬ scriptions to be quite good considering their brevity.

As this tape was some time in reaching me, and an explanatory note enclosed by Don Barnard left a few loose ends dangling, I called Don in hopes of obtaining anything of a newsworthy nature. It turned into a lengthy and interesting conversation. Here are the facts, as I understood them:

Around October 1st Don will ship out "Member¬ ship Kits" describing benefits of membership in a new organization, the National T/S Users Network. (See address at head of this column, and get your request in early!) Member benefits at this time will include the GUIDEBOOK reviewed above with monthly up¬ dates, Monthly Newsletter, Discounts on products carried by T.S.S. and other benefits to be announced later. Membership is $30 annually, and members, clubs, and dealers can earn a commission by signing up new members. Verrrrry Interesting! TSH

Editor's Note: Earlier this month we learned from Don Barnard of T.S. Services that the directory, formerly supplied to members on cassette tape, will be in printed form in the future, due to the volume of information contained. However, everything else included in the membership will remain the same. The price is also the same.

Software Review

PENETRATOR

^ f\^illian^Pierson

TYPE: Arcade-type, fast action graphics. SYSTEM: TS2068, 48K RAM FORMAT: Cassette/Cartridge SUMMARY: Very challenging game with impressive graphics.

PRICE: $19. 95/cassette, $34. 95/cartridge MANUFACTURER: Timex Computer Corp.

Waterbury, CT 06725

Penetrator is a fast action arcade-type game written for the Timex-Sinclair 2068. The game is packaged in a neatly styled box with excellent instructions. You may play this game using joysticks or the keyboard. Loading time for PENETRATOR was approximately minutes. It loaded the first time without any difficulties. After the first 30 seconds of loading an impressive title page is displayed which remains on the screen until the 'ENTER' key is pressed.

After the game has loaded the name of the game is displayed and shortly thereafter the game menu is displayed. There are several options. If no options are selected the game goes into a demonstration mode, which will show the first time user of the game the best strategy for 'blasting' the enemy missiles and radar stations. If the numeric keys 1 or 2 are pressed the game stars for real. Each player is given five ships to navigate through 4 different tunnels. Each tunnel has numerous radar stations and enemy missiles which have an annoying habit of zapping your ship at the wrong times (I guess this is the object of the game -- avoid the missiles). Upon successfully leaving one tunnel you enter another which is even harder. After you make it through the fourth tunnel you must destroy the ammo dump or be destroyed yourself. There are more tunnels after this but I have not made it that far yet. (If someone does please let me know what comes next!) There is a provision for keeping track of the top 5 scores; however, there is no provision for keeping track of the high score over a period of time. This is one of the drawbacks of this game. I like to make

backup copies of all my software in case one of the tapes goes bad. PENETRATOR does not allow you to save any of the variables or the basic game for that matter. So if for some reason the tape will not load some time after you bought it, I guess you are out of luck. There is no mention in the instructions of any way to make backups of this game, soft¬ ware protection I suppose.

Other instructions available from the menu include a Landscape Editor. I have tried this feature and found it to be very inter¬ esting. You can create easier and much harder landscapes for your ship to fly through. The number of enemy missiles and radar stations may be increased/decreased. Once you are satisfied with the landscape you may save this to tape, but only the landscape is saved, not the whole program. (The TS2068 saves screen information and data in a different manner than the TS1000 but that is the subject of another article.)

My favorite feature of the game is the T - training feature which allows you to practice going through the landscapes with an endless supply of ships to perfect your 'technique'. At this point I would like to discuss the use of joysticks with this game. I finally bought an ATARI type joystick to give me that arcade type feel for this game. I thought that using the keyboard would slow down my game considerably. Now several games later I have found that this is not the case. The joystick does help but once you master the keyboard high scores are very easy to obtain. I do not think that the joystick has the sensitivity required to play this game well. You can move through the landscapes faster but the fire button is somewhat sluggish. A problem not found using the keyboard. If you like joysticks you may not have this problem. Back to the practice mode, this is the only way I can get to the ammo dump and beyond. Only one player at a time may use this feature, but it does give you a good idea of how to manipulate your ship.

In summary, this is a highly entertaining game which is well worth the price of $19.95 for cassette or $34.95 for cartridge. It will provide many hours of enjoyment.

HARDWARE REVIEW A & J Model 2000 Stringy Floppy Micro-drive _ By W. Pierson _

For those of you who own the TS2068 and bought it in anticipation of the micro-drives, the wait is over. Recently I went to a meeting of the Silicon Valley Sinclair/Timex Users Group in San Jose, California where this new piece of hardware was demonstrated.

The drive itself measures 6. 5x4. 5x3 inches, is finished in black matte and has a cable 18 inches long that plugs into the interface. The interface just plugs on to the back of the computer as would the printer. It has a connector on the back to allow for the attaching of the 2050 printer or modem. There are two connector ports for the drives (a maximum of two). Also on the top of the interface is a Cenronics Printer Interface plug. I was told that in the future that a CPI with cables and software would be avail¬ able for a very competitive price. This seems to indicate the this system would end itself to word processing. I asked why only two drives could be coupled and was told that two would more than satisfy my needs.

I have not had the opportunity to test 'drive' it yet, but I did see it in opera¬ tion. A & J claim that it has an 11K baud transfer rate. This is fast and I did see it load several programs in no time at all. This system works in conjunction with the cassette routines. All those extra commands,

1. e., CAT or FORMAT are unnecessary. You simply execute a standard SAVE or LOAD command such as the following SAVE 1, program". The symbol tells the computer to save it to the stringy floppy. The '1' creates the first file. Files are saved sequentially so file 1 must exist before file

2. There are standard commands such as SAVE, LOAD, VERIFY and DIRECTORY. It seems very simple to use. The company has already sent drives to several vendors to start a software development program. So look for microdrive software soon.

I must say I was very impressed. The company is changing the memory location from RAM to an EPROM to save the computers memory. There was a small problem in loading some programs, but this should be fixed by the time any of the units are shipped. I think that this is one of the best third-party add-ons to come out on the market which can give you the speed and flexibility of a disk-drive system. The price from A & J Micro-drives is $199.95 plus shipping. This includes the drive (extra power supply is not required), owners manual, and five micro-wafers. Other vendors are offering it at about the same price. (My order will be in the mail very soon!) A & J Micro-Drives address is 1050 "I" East Duane Avenue, Sunnyvale, California 94086, Tel: 408/732-9292.

HOME BUSINESS NEWS

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Sample %2 Home Business News 12221 Beaver Pike Jackson, OH 45640

G O LJ F> O N M #=* <3 I G

8 m Bill Ericsson T ' S 2068

A coupon file that holds 100 coupon descriptions with up to 00 coupons in each. A shopping list section that i» worth the price all by its self, And a storage lilt that holds 100 items and their location*,

While the other two files are great, the shopping list is the one that gets most of the work done. Like the other two, it has on screen edit, but it also will check uo on the other files, It will tell you approx, how much monev to take when you go to the store, then orint out a shopping list on your 2040 that can hold up to 100 items with notation to tell you if you have a coupon for an item. It also makes a notation if you have the item stored someplace, ♦ it gives you a place by each item to check off as you put it in the cart.

SEND check or money order for *14.95 * *1.50 P H To: H D SOFTWARE 1445 Oldfield Pd.

Decatur, 6A 30030

USEFUL FUN E A S Y T 0 USE

29

2068

A Rl

EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE

for the TS2068 By Bill Ferrebee

MASTERF1LE

TS2068 SOFTWARE REVIEW By Tex Faucette

MASTERFILE

(C) 1984 by Campbell Systems, 57 Traps Hill, Lough ton, Essex, IG10 1TD, England

Program Names: "Kids on Keys"

"Facemaker"

"Kindercomp"

Age Group: 3-9 years Manufacturer: SPINNAKER SOFTWARE Price: $16.95 each Available From: GAMES TO LEARN BY P.0. Box 78 18 Claire Hill Road Collinsville, CT 06022

One of the great uses for computers is for LEARNING. Be it a new language, mathmatical skills, or any variety of other areas, computers can play an important part in learning. And thanks to SPINNAKER SOFTWARE (and GAMES TO LEARN BY), the TS2068 can be a very useful learning tool for young children. Spinnaker is known world over for the great software they have developed for many home computers. And their best titles are now available for the TS2068.

"Kids on Keys" give children an early intro¬ duction to a computer keyboard. Through fun games, they are able to get comfortable with recognizing letters and number* on a key¬ board .

"Kindercomp" has a variety of activities, that allow children to be creative, with a simple "Etch-a-Skech" program, or master their recognition of shapes, with a matching game.

"Facemaker" lets children design their own "computer friend", and play various games with them. This program allows them to select the eyes, nose, hair, ears, and mouth, then make them smile, frown, cry, wink, or wiggle their ears.

I had seen the Commodore 64 versions of these programs before, and all three TS2068 versions are exact duplicates! If you have a young child all three programs would be verV worthwhile. We all know that use of the computer is becoming more and more important in our children's life. The earlier we are able to introduce them to a computer, the better they will become.

More educational software is available from GAMES TO LEARN BYand next month I will review 9ome British educational programs that run on the TS2068 WITHOUT modification. TSH

Distributed by RAMEX International, 48945 Van Dyke Road, Utica, Michigan 48087

MASTERFILE is a cute and powerful file program originally written for the Spectrum. This review covers Version 09, converted to run on the T/S 2068 without any type of "Spectrum emulator".

MASTERFILE is supplied on a cassette which is contained in an attractive book-size binder along with 28 pages of documentation. The program is recorded one time on one side, with the opposite side containing two associ¬ ated utilities. Documentation contains instructions for preparing "working copies" of the main program and the utilities.

This version of MASTERFILE contains a sampling of a few of the many possible user-defined "report formats". These should be removed before SAVEing a "working copy" unless they happen to fit ones application. In such a case, the data only may be removed and the sample formats saved.

LIMHOLD

DECISION SUPPORT TOOL

AVAILABLE AT LAST! ti>« most advanced

and sophisticated Investment Advice software ever devised for Timex/Sinclair Computers.

Remove all subjectivity associated with stock selection.

LIMHOLD forces you to objectively assess the parameters associated with stock valuation according to the Fundamental Stock Analysis theory. Once you have enterea these key parameters, available from the financial pages of your daily newspaper and from your local library, LIMHOLD does the rest. Discounting all future earnings to Present Value, it tells you whether a selected security is capable of meeting your required rate of return at its current market price, or whether you should look elsewhere.

This model takes up where ANALYSIS left off.

But this is just the beginning! You can employ Sensitivity Analysis techniques in exploiting the Decision Support capabilities of LIMHOLD. Change one parameter, then change another and see if the stock holds up as a "buy“ over a range of potential "situations".

Alternatively, play "What If" games with each of the modifiable parameters. If you are comfortable with your assessment of future economic considerations, vary the market price of the security and re-run the mooel until you arrive at the market price at which the security can be rated a "buy" in order to meet your required rate of return.

These are just some of the powerful features available from LIMHOLD. If you are a serious Investor, you owe it to yourself to obtain this excellent investment decision support tool.

Available for the ZX-81, TIMEX- 1000/ 1500, TS-2068 and the 48K Spectrum (tape and extensive tutorial $19.99). Specify model.

Send check, money order to:

ORION'S BELT Enterp-ites (Add SI. 00 postage and handling;

S07 N. Fairwav Road PA RESIDENTS add sales tax).

Glenside, PA 19C38

On loading this version of MASTERFILE, one first encounters "MF notes" which delineates some of the changes made to allow the program to run on the T/S 2068. One of the changes

j Bunny B

Darren street

1 Canteen 1

Li Kes Carrots and arithmetic, especially multiplication.

_

Shewing Micro-print 42/51 arid with 2 recs paye.

I CAMPBELL 5V5TEHS 1 5? Trap' S Hill

_ _ Loughton

i sates 1 Essex 1618 m

England _ —

Send SflE for full list or* 2X spectrut titles, which include graphic utilities MAH arid [•RHLtlHf’TER. _

Name and address labels, 3-up

SORTED BY NAME, 1 PER SCI

3EEN

Andrews K G

ADDRESS. .. (not recorded)

DEPT. .....Personnel

SALARY. . . .£13025

Press N to view successive records until blue 'no more' appears in line 22.

Press 0 to see full menu.

SUMMARY SORTED BY DEPT Salary

Matthews J

Admi n

16700

Ui 1 1 i ams A

Admi n

14-505

Carruthers U

Admin

14-235

Ar but Knot A

Admi n

14-995

Smithson P

Admi n

12000

Ewing J R

Boss

33500

Bunny B

Canteen

—

Mi c rodr i ve

Deve lopment

—

Programmer A

Deve lopmen t

13235

made was to strip off the microdrive in¬ structions. This may prove to be a tactical error, as I have been informed that at least two parties are attempting to convert the Spectrum microdrives to operate on the 2068, Of course the instructions consume memory, but if the microdrives become popular on this side of the pond, they could be restored in "Version 09. xx" at some future date.

"MF notes" concludes with instructions to RUN to view notes again, otherwise LOAD "", and a STOP statement. Unfortunately, it don't work that way.

After several unsuccessful tries, I found it was necessary to use CLEAR 57327 : LOAD "" (as specified on the cassette) to obtain a proper load. Once this obstacle was over¬ come, no further problems were encountered with operation of MASTERFILE. I was able to manipulate the sample data, print out the sample report formats on the T/S 2040 printer (see Fig. 1), and establish my own designs and formats.

Utilities included in the main program are worthy of special mention. Microprint (look at Fig. 1 again) is a licensed adaption of a program that is available from Myrmidon Software, P.0. Box 2, Tadworlth, Surrey, KT20 7LU, England, Also included is a utility to draw lines and boxes, such as those shown in Fig. 1. Colors may be selected as desired to highlight the various displays. Data items may contain up to 128 characters, and up to 26 data items may be specified.

Four pages of the documentation concern use of the utilities supplied on the back side of the cassette. These utilities are provided to allow one to utilize what is referred to as "upmarket" (i.e., larger) printers with either Centronics or RS 232 interfaces, the TASMAN being one of those mentioned as compatable. Since I have not yet received the TASMAN, I am unable to comment on this portion of the documentation.

The remainder of the documentation is ade¬ quate for an experienced user of this type of programs, but might be difficult for a first- time user. It is my contention that when a program such as this is imported the documentation should be "Americanized". References to Spectrums, microdrives and such should be purged, and terminology should reflect our usage rather than that of our British cousins. I do not wish to sound insular, but I am a nut on documentation, and try to keep the first-time user in mind when I evaluate it.

Other than stated above, I found MASTERFILE to be a very good and powerful program with many interesting features. I hope to try it soon with the TASMAN interface and big printer and will mention the results in a 31 review of the TASMAN products. TSH

Gamesfrom ‘GAMES’

REVIEWS: "Deathchase" & "Frogger" By Bill Ferrebee

PROGRAM NAME: Deathchase AUTHOR: M. J. Estcourt TYPE: Entertainment (Arcade Game) MACHINE: 2068 PRICE: $19.95

PROGRAM NAME: Frogger

TYPE: Entertainment (Arcade Game)

MACHINE: 2068 PRICE: $19.95

BOTH AVAILABLE FROM: GAMES TO LEARN BY P.O. Box 78 28 Clair Hill Road Collinsville, CT 06022 (203)673-7089

Most of the writing I do for this magazine concerns the more serious aspects of the use of T/S: Telecommunications, Business Pro¬ grams, Utilities, etc. I feel that both T/S computers can do ANYTHING and IBM or Apple can do, and for a lot less investment.

But, I finally will come out of the closet. I LOVE GAMES!!! There... I said it... and I feel much better, thank you.

I love playing games as much as the next guy. And thanks to a dealer, appropriately "GAMES TO LEARN BY", there are some fantastic ones available for the 2068, the T/S much better equipped for this genre of software.

With the H/R graphic and sound capabilities, I knew that games would be interesting programs on the 2068. But I had no idea that they would be THIS INTERESTING!!!

POR J03T $11*. 95 TOO CAR 0RAB THE BOLL BY THE HORNS 1 1

TOCO TECHNOLOGY announces Stock Markat Software for your TS 1000/ZX 81 4 TS ?06B

Tha TBCH T I- STOCK SOFTWARE SYSTEM if * ■took narkat analysis proKran d»al«nad by a pro trader for use by proa and beginners alike. The program analytes your favorite stocks URlng statistical and technical averages In order to predict future stock price trends.

The Syetesi Includes » 1) PRO'IR AMMPT) CASSETTE

?) HANDSOME BINDER 3) ?8 PAOE IHP0 MAHUAL It) REFERENCE SYSTEM --optional — $) RESEARCHED WORKSHEET

Optional is use of our Research Service, For e anal) additional fee we will reaearch price and volume data for tha paat 16 weeka for your favorite 6 stocks (TS 1000/2X 81) or 1? weeks for your favorite 9 stocks (TS ?06BJ.

Fries List i T31 000/7X81 V/0 Reaearch $11*. 95 TSroLO w/0 Research $19.95

T31000'ZXRl with Rasearoh $-li.95 TSZ06B with Research $lll.95

To Order i Send e check for the Total Amount (plua tha names of your favorite etocka, if you want the research service) , along with your name and addresa TOi

for uee 16K or more

TOCO TECHNOLOGY

rOKWN aawiA claim, in

add 3$ shipping

The first game I will tell you about is called DEATHCHASE. GAMES has exclusive distributorship of this program from Micromega in England. The 3-D graphics are nothing short of First-class, and the concept of the program is very intriguing. In fact, I played this game one afternoon for 3 hours straight!

Imagine you are sitting on a 26th century motorcycle. You are In the forest, patroling for enemy cycles. Once you have them in range, you can fire deadly photon bolts to destroy them. Once you clear the sector, you are moved to night shift (some reward . . .midnights ! ) .

You continue moving from day to night. The farthest I have been able to attain is 4 sectors out of 8. Don't worry, I'll keep trying!

DEATHCHASE rates a 10 in my book!

The other game I reviewed is one that should be very familiar to all of you. . .FROGGER. There has been a version done of this game for every computer from the IBM to the TRS-80 Pocket Computer. I guess that’s because FROGGER is the best selling Video Game in the history of the business! Again, GAMES has exclusive rights to the 2068 version, along with many other Timex titles, in the U.S. This version is the original version, by Sega and Cornsoft.

Compared to the other versions of FROGGER I have played, short of the actual Arcade version, I feel this version for the 2068 tops the list! Every nuance is there, from the crocidles and otters, to the music! The top score is kept, and each screen gets increasingly harder. I heartily recommend

I

MUSIC LIBRARY

Program: Music Library System Type: Business /Home ROM/RAM: 8K/16K Written In: BASIC, listable By: Kendric C. Smith From: WMJ Data Systems

#4 Butterfly Drive Hauppauge, New York 11788 Price (Manual TS/1000, $14 and Tape): 2068, $16

Music Library is a data base management program that provides a convenient format for organizing your music collection. It allows you to store three lines of information (each 32 characters wide) on 100 or more items of music. You decide how to use the three lines, such as name of artist on line 1, album name on line 2, and favorite selections on line 3. I used the TS/1000 version. The 2068 version enlarges the memory to 300 items. The program is menu-driven, providing you with options to enter, correct, delete, and save data, or print out to the screen or printer.

Two features of particular note are the routines that alphabetize (missing from so many similar programs); and OMNISEARCH, which will search for any word string in any line. Also convenient is the option to exit the data input sequence at any time.

Music Library can be easily modified to adapt to individual needs. This is important because the trade-offs selected between

user-friendly features, space available for data, and processing speed, vary from person to person. The manual is well written in a full-size page format and gives numerous tips on modifying the program (which is also listed). I was able to increase the number of albums from just over 100 to 175 by deleting the third line, re-dimensioning, and cramming data into the trailing spaces of the remaining two lines. The search routine is slow but complete. I could speed it up by having it search only the first line’s word string. But I like OMNISEARCH enough to tolerate the delay. It’s great to be able to not only ask for a list of all albums by a particular artist, but to also be able to list the various artists who have recorded the same ’’classic", such as "Autumn Leaves" or "Mack the Knife".

As you make modifications to the basic program, a simple GOTO statement will tell you how much usable memory is available for data. The manual is so friendly and de¬ tailed, that it becomes nearly a tutorial on programming in BASIC, with each routine explained, along with suggestions on possible modifications.

I recommend Music Library for those of you like me who have so many record albums and tapes scattered about, that you don't know what you have or where to find it. In fact, the program could be easily adapted to any type of collection, such as photo prints and slides. TSH

ROMPAK by John Marion

ITEM: ROMPAK SOFTWARE CARTRIDGE FROM: ROMPAK

8206 Blackburn Avenue

Los Angeles, California 90048

PRICE: Deluxe Cartridge: $16.95 Cartridge Kit: $ 9.95

The Rompak cartridge is something that all Timex computer users can appreciate. It can instantly load programs, such as games or utilities, into memory. The cartridge is memory mapped in the unused 8 to 16k block of memory, and it has an expansion connector out the back, so it can be used with the T/S printer or ram pack. The heart of the Rompak board, is a 74138 IC, which is used to decode the memory for the eprom. The board will accept three types of eproms; first, the 2764-8k eprom; second, the 2732-4k eprom; and

third, the 2716-2k eprom. I also found it will accept roms like the one used in the ZX80, and ZX81.

If you plan to use more than one eprom in your Rompak, then I suggest you purchase the ZIF socket, available from Rompak, because it will allow you to quickly and safely change eproms. Although, the ZIF socket is an excellent addition, it has a tendency to fall out of the on board socket. To cure this, the manufacturer should have permanently attached it to the Rompak board.

Over all, the Rompak board is well built and is an excellent buy for your money, and if you have an eprom programmer, it is even better, because you can write your favorite programs on eproms and have them instantly load with one simple command!

BOOK REVIEW ^B^Jtent^^Masoi^

Ffore Uses for Your Timex/ Sine lair 1000: Astronomy On Your Computer, by Eric Burgess, F.ft.A.S. and Howard Burgess. Sybex Inc., 176pp., $8.95.

ast«oN

yOU"

oN

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KYPLi

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If the recent flights of the space shuttle have sparked your interest in astronomy then this might be the book you've been waiting for. More Uses for Your Timex/Sinclair 1000:

Astronomy On Your Computer, is a collection FIGURE 1

o7 twenty programs dealing with amateur astronomy. The programs are quite varied, ranging from the EASTR program which calcu¬ lates the date of Easter Sunday for any year, FIGURE 2 to the CONST program which randomly selects a constellation for display and gives you a chance to identify it. All the programs in this book require a TS1000 or a ZX81 with 16K RAM.

The book is divided into four sections. The first section deals with time and dates and the conversions between them. The second section is comprised of four programs dealing with the moon. The third section will help you learn your way around the planets and the fourth section contains three general purpose j programs. I've entered three or four pro- r grams and all have performed as expected, t js|

The listings are lengthy but appear to be t accurate. All the programs include a sample t u

display so it is easy to check your program t for accuracy. J 0 +

PLRNE7S ET

3 . ARE

IDENTIFIED

AS . , .

SUN .......

Q

MERCURY'. . . UENUS . i * . .

!J

MRR5 ......

, i | jp TTFR .

M

j

bHTURN ....

5

URANUS ....

!J

NEPTUNE , . .

N

PLUTU .....

P

MOON

NEPiR full B E F 0 RE FULL Hr 7b R FULL

- 1984 2 23 PT 7.5 LM7 35,27 LPT . 97.32 LONG.

I -

Skyplot for 2/23/84 at 7:30 AM in Oklahoma City

(MS

- 80

"7 CJ

70 55 60 FF 50 45 40 F

30

20

15

10

Of the programs that I have used, the SKYPT program has been the most rewarding. SKYPT (for Skyplot) plots the position of the visible planets, the sun, and the moon for any date, time, and location of your choice. When you RUN the program the prompts will ask you for the necessary information such as the date, the time, the time zone and whether or not you wish to change the longitude and latitude. (The authors do note that this program should not be expected to run accu¬ rately at latitudes exceeding 85 degrees north and south.)

The following prompt will then ask you to choose a horizon centered on north, south, east or west. Now the fun begins! At the bottom of your screen the program generates an artificial horizon that makes excellent use of the Sinclair graphics. Next the program begins to plot the sun, the moon, and the planets. The planets are identified by various letters of the alphabet and other characters. (See figure 1.) On the right of the display the elevation in degrees is shown and at the top of your screen the date, the local time, and the location is printed. Overall the screen display is quite pleasing and easy to understand. If you have a Sinclair or Timex printer the screen can be copied (using the Sinclair COPY command) by answering the prompt at the bottom of the screen. (See figure 2.) The SKYPT program alone is well worth the price of the book.

In general the programs are aimed at two types of astronomers, armchair astronomers and amateur astronomers. Armchair astrono¬ mers being those without telescopes and amateur astronomers being those who have telescopes. For amateur astronomers some of the programs contain information that will be useful for the setting of circles on equatorially mounted telescopes.

The authors point out that some of the programs that complement each other can be merged, the RADEM program and the RADEC are good examples. The RADEM program finds the right ascension and declination (position) of the moon and the RADEC program finds the right ascension and declination for all of the planets. The authors suggest that the program lines in the RADEM program be keyed in at higher line numbers and used as a subroutine for the RADEC program. Although I have not tried this I believe it should work as neither one of the program listings is excessively long.

If you have more than a passing interest in astronomy or if you are looking for a new way to use your TS1000 or ZX81, then this is a book to buy. The programs in Astronomy On Your Computer will give you many hours of pleasure under the summer skies.

PRODUCT REVIEW By Robert Woish

BLIPPO SOUND EFFECTS GENERATOR (From Zebra Systems, Inc., $19.95)

The Blippo sound effects generator is a low-cost add-on module for the ZX81 or TS1000. It connects through the computer’s rear expansion port, and as all sensible peripherals, provides another expansion port at it's rear. The module takes it's power from the computer. Output is through a standard mini phone jack, which accepts standard earphone or mini speaker plugs. A speaker module with mating plug is available for $5.00 and comes in a neat little plastic enclosure. A volume control is provided on the Blippo module.

There are, strictly speaking 15 output tones available from the Blippo. How you combine these and how you time them determine the number of total sound effects you can derive. Each tone is implemented by poking a value between 1 and 15 to location 9000. Location 9000 is chosen because in the computer’s memory map it is not used either by the operating system or RAM. Poking these values gives you the discrete tones. Poking a 0 to location 9000 turns the sound off. You can also control the sound by using either fast or slow modes on the ZX or TS. For example, if you use a FOR/NEXT loopand sequentially poke the values 12-4 into location 9000 in slow mode, it produces a very musical sound¬ ing arpeggio. I use this type of sound for announcing a new spaceship, a victory, a move in the right direction, etc. If you use the same routine in fast mode, however, you get a single blast from an alien photon laser. Nesting this same routine in another loop will give you several very believable bursts from your laser. Reversing the same loop (poking 4-12) in either mode results in a sound of similar quality but opposing feel¬ ing. Adding delay loops alters this same routine still further. Keep in mind that these are all variations on one routine. Along with the instructions, which were adequate, came sample routines for eight different sound effects ranging from a telephone ringing to a police horn. Any of these routines (or any others you create) can be called from within a program as a subrou¬ tine and used as many times as you like. The sound effects possible with the Blippo module are varied, although not all encompassing. If you have any notions of multi-channel music synthesis or 21st-century wave-shaping, you're looking for a more sophisticated (and much more expensive) unit. But if your ZX or TS exhibits the personality mine does, it cries out for the added dimension of audio communications with the outside world. I've found that one of my favorite uses for the Blippo is 'Blippizing' my favorite programs and adding audio prompts to existing utility and home budget programs. It's like hearing a mute speak. I wouldn’t be without mine.

CURRY COMPUTER FOR T I MEX-SI NCLAI R 1000/1500/2068

FOR SINCLAIR RESEARCH ZXB1 QL * SPECTRUM

Ule have hardware, books software, paper , pr i nters microdrioes! Romsw 1 tches

Rocket Nan Cl 000) 10.95 Jet Set UillyCSp) 14.95 Omn i ca 1 cSCSp^ £4.95 Master f i 1 eCSp/Ts) £4.95 Figaro I I CTS> 19.95 Ant AttackCSp) 14.95 L£000 Microdrioe 199.50 Exploring QLCbk) 10.95 Si nc 1 ai rUser OJKmag)4 .00 QL UserCUK mag) 4.00

Glendale A2 85306 1-602-978-2902

PMDGET ROBOTICS •, COMPUTING BOX IBB IB TUCSON , MZ BS731

W * Purchased the rights tc. manufacture and sell the Comfut *r Continuum Buffered Bus* Development Board a few Months afe. This extension Buffered Buss board is aPProximatle* 6 1/4 be 6 1/4 Inches in sir*, double tided with Pitted through holes. It has seven expansion connection Points. One Is a duplicate of the connector at the rear of the computer but with Bold Plated f infers, four Points allow the addition of 22/44 . 15E" edfe card connectors and two are for the addition of 23/4C . IBB" edfecard connectors. It is available in bare board version with comp lete documentation/ Parts list, and a 96 defeee connector for connection to the computer's rear connector. The board is compatible with the Sinclair and Timex/Sinclair ZX86, ZX81, TSieee and TSJ500 computer? .

We also have available the inPut/ output board oriolnallv sold by ZODEX as the RX81. I can suPPlx this circuit board in bare board version comPlet-c with documentation and Parts list. Each Parallel I/O RX81 Provide? both einht latched outputs teach capable of driving an LET-, transistor switch and relay > and ei«ht inPuts (each capable of rcadinft mechanical switches or TTL status > at machine code sPeed. The RX81 (approximately 2 3/8 by 3 inches , double sided Plated throufh) can either be PluBfed directly into the computer, or if more than one Peripheral is desired- two or more RX81 board? can be Plu9fed into the expansion Buffered Buss board. The RX81 worts with the TS20F-8 computer also.

The above boards are the same descr ibed in my robot arid home control articles ( Jul-Muo 83 arid Jan-Feh B4 SVNC magazine >. A copy of an unpublished article describing a simple and inexpensive optical encoder input Prefect is included with the RX81 documentation. H.E.N.R. Y. . the robot described in the S-YHC article, won the Golden Droid award at the First International Personal Robot Congress in April, for the Most Entertaining. I have written a tool describing the above Projects Plus more which will be Published bv TAB Boobs in 1985. At that time, these two boards will also be offered in kit form. Also- this inexpensive computer expansion line will be enlarfed with more bare boards for use in confu.net ion with tlv buss and 1 '0 boards. For example- digital voice, stepper motor driver, 8255 IC based I/O and optical encoder board? will be offered.

Circuit board Prices are as follows- all Postpaid <U.S. and Canada >.

Expansion Buffered Buss bare board MO. B0 ea.

RX81 1/0 bare board 810.08 ea.

two RXBls for BIB. B0

SINCLAIR C-5

ITEM: Clive Sinclair was in the news in

America recently but not in the computer field. On January 10 the Cable News Network reported on the unveiling of the Sine lair. C-5 ,

(see drawing.) The C-5 is said to be the first model of a complete line of electric vehicles. Top speed is about 15 mph and it can go about 20 miles before recharging. Intended to be used for shopping, commuting, and transportation for teenagers. The cost is about $500.

ITEM: What else has Clive Sinclair been doing? Now that the QL is off to its some¬ what rocky start, Sinclair Research is expending effort in some other computer-related areas.

- English users are currently debating the merits of the new Spectrum Plus. Inside it is the 48K Spectrum (upon which the TS2068 is based), but the keyboard is improved (the Spectrum's keyboard features rubber pads very similar to the TS1500 while the Spectrum Plus has a QL - like keyboard). Also featured is a rest switch, two pop-up feet and six home software programs. Separate keys have been provided for some punctuation marks and the cursor controls and a space is provided, the placement of the new punctuation keys looks a little silly. The concensus seems to be that the change is not worth the added price.

- Sinclair Super BASIC and QDOS (both from the QL) are features in a new computer workstation from ICL, a British company. The product called the OPD (One Per Desk) fea¬ tures two Sinclair microdrives and three Sinclair chips. The built in telephone is linked to the computer and the OPD takes the place of a modem, answering machine, and more.

ITEM: We recently received a sample package from the Elect Christian Computer Club (or E3C). The package included the December issue of their monthly newsletter, a bumper sticker, and a membership form. Their 12-page newsletter included discussions of the use of computers in the church, general computer information, as well as an opinion poll concerning many contemporary Christian issues. A one-year membership is $8.00 ($5 if you also send a Christian and/or computer- related poem, story, program, etc.) Foreign orders, add $5. The address is Elect Christian Computer Club, P.0. Box 31022, Chicago, IL. 60631-002. Write for a sample (you might include a couple stamps to cover postage) ,

ITEM: Hi-res for ZX81/TS1000 via software. ONLY $10. Sync Artist 1.3 is a machine code graphics program that gives 256x192 resolu¬ tion, is menu-driven and cursor controlled. John Brohman of the Vancouver group compares it to Apple's Macintosh. $10 from Callisto Software, 924-2nd Street East, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7H 1R1. 16K required.

36

IT'S FAST IN SLOW MODE INCREDIBLE IN FAST MODE

THE BEST FILING PROGRAM FOR YOUR ZX81 , TS1000, TS1500 OR YOUR MONEY BACK

INTRODUCING

FAS7FILE

PROFESSIONAL DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Holds more data than you ever thought possible!

Written in lightning fast 100% machine code. Built in word processor allows easy data entry. 4 data types stores more information in less memory. Add, change, delete, LPrint, search and query are all as easy as pointing your finger. Several different kinds of files can be in memory at the same time Complete query system answers "How many...?", "How much...?" or "Which...?" type questions. Includes an example checkbook program which can store 400 checks in 16K! Manual includes information on how to create coupon/refund files, mailing labels, inven¬ tory control, address book, appointment schedular/calendar and your own files.

To order send $19.95 plus $2.00 P&H for cassette and manual: Tom E. Cole, 1514 Speight #15, Waco, TX 76706. Texans add local tax.

INDEXATION OF VOLUME 1, NOS. 1-10

INDEXATION OF VOLUME I, NOS. (November 83 to December 84)

1-10

In the three Indices below the numbers following each listing indicate the issue and page number where the article appears. For

issue 3 there is an extra number in parenthe¬ ses; this number indicates the page in the 16-page reprint version of issue 3.

Address Storage and Retrieval 8-18

Altering character set (2068) 8-16

Amateur radio 2-25, 3-22 (10)

Animation 3-16 (9), 3-17 (11)

Array size, increasing 3-8 (5)

ASR, address program 8-18

Bank Switching (1000) by Hunter

Pt. 1 4-12, Pt. 2 5-16, Pts. 3 6-13

Pt. 4 7-12, Pt. 5 9-8, Pt. 6 10-24

Note: Conclusion expected in TSH #11.

Banner program (1000, 2068) 10-28

Bits & Bytes

#1 8-14, #2 9-11

Boundary value problems 6-8

Bulletin boards 7-21, 7-22, 8-8, 9-21, 9-22 Cash register, TSIOOO-based 2-4

Cassette loading problems 1-10, 10-11

Character set altering (2068) 8-16

Christmas buying guide (1983) 2-6

Christmas program (2068) 10-9

Church, TS1000 used in 6-10

Compatibility (1000) 2-28

Compiler works, how a 7-11

Computer industry 1-4

Creating/saving files 1-20, 3-8 (5)

Curve-fitting 5-12

Differential equations 3-12 (7)

Edge connector schematics (2068) 4-10, 7-5

Error recovery 4-15

Files, creating/saving 1-20

protection technique 3-10 (6)

FORTH (1000) 1-8, 9-14

(2068) 9-14

Gauss elimination 1-17

Gauss-Jordan 2-18

Graphics program (1000) 5-20

(2068) 7-10, 8-6, 8-17

Graphics tutorial for kids 2-16

Header (2068) 10-15

Help & Information 10-8

Higgenbottom, David 9-14, 9-12

Horizon Awards 10-20

Hunter Board 2-15

(See also Bank Switching)

INPUT, Use of 2-14

Instrument control (1000) 2-19

Interfacing books (1000) 6-18

In Touch With the World #1 7-24, #3 8-8,

#3 9-22, #4 10-16

Kids Page 1-14, 2-16, 4-21

Languages for T-S Computers 1-8, 9-14

Least-squares method 5-12

Library Computer lending 3-9

Listing technique 5-11

Loading aid project 3-11 (14)

Loading/saving problems 1-10, 10-11

Matrix/cursor input 2-9

Matrix inversion 2-18

Memory reduction 2-4

Modems 7-20, 7-22, 7-23, 10-16, 10-17

Moreland's Memo 1-4, 2-4, 3-6 (4)

Mterm II tutorial 10-18

Music generation (1000) 8-10

Noah's Ark 4-21

Odds, Ends, Etc. 10-10

"Opus" graphics (2068) 8-17

Page 8 3-16 (9)

Page-flipping 3-16 (9), 3-18 (11)

Pascal (1000)

Plotter (1000)

(2068)

Programming techniques (1000)

(2068)

QL (Quantum Leap) 5-27, 9-30, 10-36

QZX 2-25

Radio Shack Model 100

compared with TS1000 10-17

Reader Input 3-8 (5), 4-8, 5-8, 10-4

Repeat key project (1000) 1-23

Reset switch project (1000)

Reviews for the Non Programmer

1-9 5-20 8-16 10-15 7-8

2-22

#1 2-15, #2

3-21 (8), # 3 6-23,

#4 7-29, #5

8-15, #6 10-11

Ross, Dan

3-24 (13)

Rotating Globe (2068)

7-10

Rule of 78

2-12

Runge Kutta Method

3-12 (7)

Simpon’s Rule

4-10

Simultaneous equations

1-17

S.I.N.

7-21

Sinclair, Clive

2-27

Sinclair QL

5-27, 9-30, 10-36

Spirograph (2068)

9-16, 10-29

Tax exemption for user groups 3-19 (15)

Telecommunications

7-20

(See also Bulletin boards. In Touch,

Modems, MTerm II, S.I

.N.)

Timex, demise of

4-5

TS Help & Information

10-8

2068, intro

2-3

support for

6-6, 7-6

Uninterruptible power supply project

(1000)

1-26

User-friendliness

2-9, 2-14

User groups

3-29 (15), 10-8

VAL, use of

2-4

Worm, Word processing program (1000) Part 1 5-14, Part 2 6-16

Part 3 7-16, Follow-up 8-5, 9-6

Zebra Bulletin Board Z-XLR8

7-22

2-15

AUTHOR INDEX

^O^M^ON^iNDEX^onr

REVIEW INDEX

Below is a listing of articles by thirteen of T-S Horizons' most active writers. In general reviews are not listed. Also writers who have had only one appearance are not listed.

The Timex or Sinclair computer to which the review applies is indicated in parentheses after the listing, unless it is indicated in the product's name or unless the review is applicable for both the TS 2068 and the TS1000 (TS1500 or ZX81) . Books are under¬ lined.

Aerco Centronics Printer Interface (2068)

9-19

Ant Attack (Spectrum) 9-24

Art For All Ages (2068) 9-20

BASIC Handbook (Lien) 4-18

Best of Sync7~Vol. 1 (1000) 1-12

Bugaboo (2068) 7-29

Byte Back MD-2B Modem 7-23

Check Rec (1000) 6-22

Computer Trader Magazine 8-25

Control Things witn your TS1000 6-18

Converting to T/S Basic (Bird) 4-17

Croaka Crawla (1000) 8-23

DK' Ironies (1000)

Flexible Ribbon Connector 10-35

Keyboard 5-24

16 RAM 4-18

Electra Guard I 10-30

Fastload (1000) 4-19

Football (2068) 8-29

Games For Your TS 2000 7-27

Great Graphics Show (2068) 7-28

Gridlock (1000) 5-23

Ham Hacker (1000) 3-22 (10)

Hobbit, The (Spectrum) 10-31

How to Market Your ^S Software 5-20

Ins and Outs of the TS1000 6-18

Memocalc (1000) 3-20 (12)

Memotech Centronics Interface (1000) 1-22

Mined Out (2068) 4-21

Mini MUF 3.5 (1000) 3-22 (10)

Modem Protector 7-22

More Uses for Your TS1000: Astronomy 7-30

Morse Code (1000) 3-22

Mule Keyboard Kit (1000) 6-21

Munchers - The Ultimate TS Game Book 10-31 Musicola (2068) 8-26

Power Saver 10-30

Programming Your TS1000 in BASIC 10-30

Q-Save ( lOSO) 9-23

Red Alert 5-25

Rompak EPROM'S 6-19

Screencalc (2068) 5-22

Screenfile (1000) 5-22

Seikosha GP 100A Printer 1-22

Sinclair ZX81, The (Hurley) 2-20

Spectrum Conversion Kit 9-26

Suntronics KD-81 Keyboard 10-34

Tantalizing Games (2068) 4-20

3-b Tanx (Spectrum) 9-24

Timegate (2068) 10-32

Timex 2050 Modem 8-8

Timex Sinclair Interfacing (1000) 6-18

Trivia Machine (2068) 10-33

Brown, Eben A.

Good News for 2068

6-6

Outlook Bright

7-6

Faucette, Tex

Dave Higgenbottom Interview

9-12

FORTH for the 2068

9-14

Odds, Ends, Etc.

10-10

plus product reviews

Ferrebee, Bill

In Touch With the World

7-24, 8-8, 9-22,

10-16

Bits & Bytes

8-14,

, 9-11

MTerm II Tutorial

10-18

plus product reviews

Gangi, Doug

7-20

Te 1 ecommun i c a t ion s

for Beginners

Spectrum Section

9-24

TS2068 Christmas Program

10-9

plus reviews

Gindin, Art

Reviews for the Non Programmer

2-15, 3-21 (8), 6-23, 7-29, 8-15, 10-11

Hunter, Paul

Bank Switching For the TS1000

4-12, 5-16, 6-13, 7-12, 9-8, 10-24 Note: Conclusion of Bank Switching is expected in TSH #11.

Johnson, Bill (CWJ)

Uninterruptible Power Supply Project 1-26

Ham Hacker Reviews 3-22 (10)

Johnson, Bill (WSJ)

Creating and Saving Files 1-20

Matrix/Cursor Input 2-9

User Friendly? (Program Tips) 2-14

Reader Input (Response) 3-8 (5)

File Protection 3-10

Error Recovery 4-15

Lewis, Ken

Solution of NxN Simultaneous Equations by Gauss Elimination 1-17

Matrix Inversion Using Gauss-Jordan

Elimination 2-18

Runge Kutta Method. . .Differential

Equations 3-12 (7)

Simpson's Rule 4-12

Least Squares Method of Curve-Fitting 5-12

Marion, John

Animation 3-18 (11)

Plotter (for TS2068) 8-6

ASR-Address Storage and Retrieval

Program 8-18

TS Help and Information 10-8

plus reviews

REVIEW INDEX- con t-

AUTHOR INDEX- con t.

TS Count (2068) 8-28 TS1000 Baste Programs in Minutes 5-24 ts2068 Beginner/lntermediate Guide

(Blecmnan) 6-22 Upload 2000 10-32 User Defined Graphics (2068) 9-16 Voice Chess (2068) 8-29 Vu-Calc (1000) 3-20 (12), 5-8 Vu-Calc & Vu File (Masters) (1000) 8-24

Vu-3P“ ( 2068) - 8-27

War in the East 6-20

Westridge 2050 8-8 Working TS 2068, The 7-29 WP (2068 Word 'Processor) 6-24 Zebra Speech Synthesizer (1000) 9-23 Zeus Assembler (2068) 9-18 ZX-GR (1000) 8-22 ZX Profile 3-20 (12)

Moreland, Bill

Computer Industry Unsettled

1-4

Memory Reduction

2-4

Computer Mass Marketing

3-6

Mather, White

Making Music with your ZX81

8-10

Programming Tips for the TS1000

10-12

Young, Gordon

Simple Loading Aid Project 3-

-11 (14)

Fastload Review

4-19

Worm-TSlOOO Word Processor 5-14, 6*

■16,7-16

Personal Note, WORM follow-up

8-5

Altering the TS2068 Character Set

8-16

WORM Correction

9-6

Zeus Review

9-18

TS 2068 DISC SYSTEM

Controls 1-4 drives

$199 FD-68 Interface

3-8 inch Shugart Comp

$99 Drive 40T/DS/DD

(400 KILOBYTE)

Single or double sided

$99 Dual Drive Cabinet and 5Amp Pwr Pack

40/80 tracks per side

64K RAM & 8K ROM onboard

Texas residents add 5S$

RGB monitor output

VISA/MasterCard add 5%

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BCH£ £1 FCTB f C BBBBT CB

Box 1 8093 Austin TX 78760 Ph 5 1 2-45 1 -5874

■mm

$88*

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min

■mm

8

STOCK ANALYSIS/PORTFOLIO. Fundamental Stock Analysis #17.00, Portfolio Database k Performance #15.00. Tape Ec Tutorial. #1 SEtH. PA residents add 6%. Specify model (81/1000/1500, 2068).

ORION’S BELT ENTERPRISES, 807 N. Fairway Rd . , Glenside.PA 19038

39

A&J u»v°

MODEL 2000 STRINGY FLOPPY

FEATURES

• Lowest cost high speed mass storage system available.

• High speed 1 1 K baud data transfer rate.

• Loads 28K program in 24 seconds.

• Simple, easy to use!

• 90 day warranty.

• Reliable and portable.

• No rewinding or volume controls.

• No cassette hassles.

• Multiple drive systems.

PART# PRODUCT PRICE

820036 MODEL 2000 STRINGY FLOPPY II _ $ 199.50

includes: Interface, Drive, Expansion cardedge

Owner’s Manual, 5 Micro Wafer II, Wafer Organizer Add $6.50 Shipping Charges

830017 MODEL 2000 OWNER’S MANUAI _ 4.95

820040 MODEL 2000 DRIVE 2 _ 124.50

900001 10' MICRO WAFER II _ _ _ 4.25

900002 20' MICRO WAFER II _ 4.25

900003 35' MICRO WAFER II _ 4.50

900004 50' MICRO WAFER II _ 4.75

900005 62' MICRO WAFER II _ 4.75

850001 WAFER ORGANIZER (Folder holds 16 wafers) _ 5.00

850002 WAFER CADDY (Desk Top Tray Holds 6 wafers) _ _ 9.95

850003 WAFER WHEEL (Desk Top Wheel Holds 30 wafers) _ 18.75

STANDARD WARRANTY:

All A&J Micro Drive Sales & Service products (except MICRO WAFERS) are warranted for 90 days. If your products should fail within 90 days, A&J Micro Drive will repair your products for no charge, if return postage paid. Additionally, all products may be returned postage paid within 30 days for full refund of purchase price. 30 day refund policy may vary with A&J Micro Drive Hardware suppliers.

WAFER WARRANTY:

Wafers are guaranteed for a period of 45 days from date of shipment. If the wafer should fail during this period, return the wafer post paid and replacements will be returned as soon as possible at no charge.

ORDER FORM

QTY ITEM UNIT PRICE PRICE

□ Send $4.95 for Owners Manual and more information

! □ Check or Money Order Enclosed

i □ C O D. add $1.65

□ U.P.S. shipping cost, add $3.00, unless other specified j □ CA residents add 6.5% sales tax

| □ Charge to my □ VISA □ MASTERCARD

| Card # - - Exp. date -

Name . - : -

| Address - — -

I City _ State - Zip -

a&j obip 1050 “I” EAST DUANE AVENUE, SUNNYVALE, CA 94086 (408) 732-9292